[Illustration: ENGLAND AND CANADA.--_A Journey between OLD and NEW WESTMINSTER, by Sandford Fleming, C.E., C.M.G. etc._ _Eastern Journey- - - - - - - - Western Journey------------_ George Philip & Son London & Liverpool.] ENGLAND AND CANADA. A SUMMER TOUR BETWEEN OLD AND NEW WESTMINSTER WITH HISTORICAL NOTES. BY SANDFORD FLEMING, C.E., C.M.G., ETC. MONTREAL: DAWSON BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS. 1884. Entered according to Act of Parliament of Canada, in the year 1884, by SANDFORD FLEMING, in the Office of the Minister of Agriculture. GAZETTE PRINTING COMPANY, MONTREAL. TO The Right Honourable the Marquis of Lorne, K.T. G.C.M.G., P.C., &C., &C., ONE OF CANADA’S TRUEST AND WARMEST FRIENDS, WITH SINCERE RESPECT THIS RECORD OF A JOURNEY FROM THE IMPERIAL CAPITAL TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN, THROUGH CANADIAN TERRITORY, IS DEDICATED. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. _INTRODUCTORY._ CHAPTER II. _HALIFAX TO LIVERPOOL._ Halifax--Cunard Line--Intercolonial Railway--Truro--Travelling by Pullman--New Brunswick--Miramichi--Great Fires in New Brunswick--Salmon Fishing--Micmac Indians--Rimouski--S.S. Parisian--The first Ocean Steamer the Royal William--Incidents of Ocean Voyage--Arrival. Page 11 CHAPTER III. _ENGLAND._ Willie Gordon--Custom House Annoyances--Cable Telegram--Post Office Annoyances--London--Spurgeon’s Tabernacle--An Ancestral Home--English and United States Hotels--English Reserve--A Railway Accident--The Land’s End--A Deaf Guest. Page 33 CHAPTER IV. _ENGLAND (Continued)._ Marquis of Salisbury--Classical Studies--Henley Regatta--Red Lion--London Dinner to Lord Dufferin--His Speech--Greenwich-- Fisheries Exhibition--Bray--The Vicar--The Thames--Minehead-- The Polynesian. Page 58 CHAPTER V. _ENGLAND TO CANADA._ The Ocean Voyage--Its Comfort--Moville--Mail Coach Road of Old Days--Impressive Service on Deck--Comfort on the Vessel-- Rimouski--Halifax. Page 84 CHAPTER VI. _NOVA SCOTIA._ Early Colonization--De Monts--Champlain--Sir William Alexander-- Capture of Quebec--The Treaties--The Acadian Evangeline-- Louisbourg--First Capture--Peace of Aix la Chapelle--Boundary Disputes--The Final Struggle--Deportation of the Acadians-- Nova Scotia constituted a Province. Page 102 CHAPTER VII. _HALIFAX TO QUEBEC._ Home in Halifax--Start for the Pacific--The Intercolonial Railway--Major Robinson--Old Companions--The Ashburton Blunder--Quebec--The Provincial Legislature--Champlain--The Iroquois. Page 119 CHAPTER VIII. _QUEBEC, MONTREAL, OTTAWA._