brings the thing imitated into disrepute, but tends to destroy what original faculty the imitator may have possessed. CHAPTER IV. INTRODUCTION TO THE ELIZABETHAN ERA. Poets now began to write more smoothly--not a great virtue, but indicative of a growing desire for finish, which, in any art, is a great virtue. No doubt smoothness is often confounded with, and mistaken for finish; but you might have a mirror-like polish on the surface of a statue, for instance, and yet the marble be full of inanity, or vagueness, or even vulgarity of result--irrespective altogether of its idea. The influence of Italian poetry reviving once more in the country, roused such men as Wyat and Surrey to polish the sound of their verses; but smoothness, I repeat, is not melody, and where the attention paid to the outside of the form results in flatness, and, still worse, in obscurity, as is the case with both of these poets, little is gained and much is lost. Each has paraphrased portions of Scripture, but with results of little value; and there is nothing of a religious nature I care to quote from either, except these five lines from an epistle of Sir Thomas Wyat's: Thyself content with that is thee assigned, And use it well that is to thee allotted; Then seek no more out of thyself to find The thing that thou hast sought so long before, For thou shalt feel it sticking in thy mind. Students of versification will allow me to remark that Sir Thomas was the first English poet, so far as I know, who used the _terza rima_, Dante's chief mode of rhyming: the above is too small a fragment to show that it belongs to a poem in that manner. It has never been popular in England, although to my mind it is the finest form of continuous rhyme in any language. Again, we owe his friend Surrey far more for being the first to write English blank verse, whether invented by himself or not, than for any matter he has left us in poetic shape. This period is somewhat barren of such poetry as we want. Here is a portion of the Fifty-first Psalm, translated amongst others into English verse by John Croke, Master in Chancery, in the reign of Henry VIII. Open my lips first to confess My sin conceived inwardly; And my mouth after shall express Thy laud and praises outwardly. If I should offer for my sin, Or sacrifice do unto thee Of beast or fowl, I should begin To stir thy wrath more towards me. Offer we must for sacrifice A troubled mind with sorrow's smart: Canst thou refuse? Nay, nor despise The humble and the contrite heart. To us of Sion that be born, If thou thy favour wilt renew, The broken sowle, the temple torn, _threshold._ The walls and all shall be made new. The sacrifice then shall we make Of justice and of pure intent; And all things else thou wilt well take That we shall offer or present.