English and American tool buildersRoe, Joseph Wickham
History
English and American tool builders
Roe, Joseph Wickham
Industrial arts -- Biography; Machine-tools
His first customer was an artist who gave him an order for an iron
easel. Business prospered and he found plenty of work. His reputation
was established, however, in connection with the Portsmouth block
machinery, which was described in the last chapter. The building of
this machinery occupied about eight years, from 1800 to 1808. The
design was substantially Brunel’s, but Mr. Nasmyth says that “every
member of it was full of Maudslay’s presence and the mechanical
perfection of its details, its practicability and adaptability show his
handiwork at every turn.”
Soon after this work was undertaken, Maudslay moved his shop to
Margaret Street, near Cavendish Square. During the building of the
block machinery Maudslay had met Joshua Field, who had been engaged
as a draftsman in the Portsmouth dockyards under Sir Samuel Bentham
and had worked with him in the development of the machinery. Field was
transferred to General Bentham’s office at the Admiralty in 1804, and
a year later joined Maudslay. Five years later they moved to Lambeth
on the south side of the Thames and bought an old riding school on
Westminster Road on what was formerly a swampy marsh. Here the firm
of Maudslay & Field continued its long and famous career. Few firms
have influenced mechanical development more, and for many years it was
one of the leading machine shops of the world. Here Maudslay did his
life work as one of the leaders in the development not only of machine
tools but of the steam engine, both stationary and marine. After his
death in 1831 the business was continued by Mr. Field, who outlived him
many years, and by Maudslay’s son and grandson, both of whom were fine
mechanics and men of great influence.
It was in connection with the slide-rest and screw-cutting lathe
that Maudslay is best known. Too much value cannot be placed on the
slide-rest and its combination with a lead screw, operated by change
gears. It is used in some form in almost every machine tool and is one
of the great inventions of history.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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