Produced by Marilynda Fraser-Cunliffe, Irma Spehar and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net The World’s Classics CCVI ENGLISH CRITICAL ESSAYS NINETEENTH CENTURY OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON: AMEN HOUSE, E.C. 4 EDINBURGH GLASGOW LEIPZIG COPENHAGEN NEW YORK TORONTO MELBOURNE CAPETOWN BOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS SHANGHAI HUMPHREY MILFORD PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY ENGLISH CRITICAL ESSAYS NINETEENTH CENTURY SELECTED AND EDITED BY EDMUND D. JONES OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD _The present selection of English Critical Essays (Nineteenth Century) was first published in ‘The World’s Classics’ in 1916 and reprinted in 1919, 1920, 1921, 1924 and 1928._ PRINTED IN ENGLAND AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OXFORD BY JOHN JOHNSON PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY PREFACE The essays here brought together are meant to illustrate English literary criticism during the nineteenth century. A companion volume representative of Renaissance and Neo-classic criticism will, it is hoped, be issued at a future date. Meanwhile this volume may well go forth alone. For the nineteenth century forms an epoch in English literature whose beginnings are more clearly defined than those of most literary epochs. The publication of the _Lyrical Ballads_ in 1798, and of Wordsworth’s Preface to the second edition in 1800, show the Romantic Movement grown conscious and deliberate, with results that have coloured the whole stream of English poetry and criticism ever since. The greater part of the present collection deals with general principles rather than with criticisms of individual books or authors. The nineteenth century, having discarded the dogmas and ‘rules’ of Neo-classicism, had perforce to investigate afresh the Theory of Poetry, and though no systematic treatment of the subject in all its bearings appeared, some valuable contributions were made, the most notable of which came from the poets themselves. The extracts from the _Biographia Literaria_ are placed next to the Wordsworthian doctrines which they criticize; otherwise the arrangement of the essays is chronological. American criticism is represented--inadequately, but, it is hoped, not unworthily--by the last two essays. In the preparation of this volume I have received much valuable help from Mr. J. C. Smith, which I now gratefully acknowledge. EDMUND D. JONES. CONTENTS