encouraging pasture at the sacrifice of tillage, but even in the fifteenth century men might suffer atrocious ignominy through the imputation of villeinage (Nos. 25, 26). The dislocation caused by the Black Death is dramatically illustrated in the Court-Roll (No. 2), the letter from the abbot of Selby (No. 27), and the accounts of the South Frith iron-works in the year before and the year after the first visitation (No. 28); it is to be noted, in the latter document, that for the years 1347-8 and 1348-9 there are no accounts extant at all. AUTHORITIES The principal modern writers dealing with the subject in this section are:--Pollock and Maitland, _History of English Law_; Vinogradoff, _Villeinage in England_; Ashley, _The Character of Villein Tenure_ (English Historical Review, VIII.); Rogers, _History of Agriculture and Prices_; Rogers, _Six Centuries of Work and Wages_; Maitland, _History of a Cambridgeshire Manor_; Bateson, _Mediæval England_; Vinogradoff, _Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History, II._; Hone, _The Manor and Manorial Records_; Elton, _Custom and Tenant Right_; Gasquet, _The Great Pestilence_; Little, _The Black Death in Lancashire_ (English Historical Review, V.); Oman, _The Great Revolt_; Powell, _The Rising in East Anglia in 1381_. _Documentary authorities_:--Durham Halmote Rolls (Surtees Society); Custumals of Battle Abbey (Camden Society); Boldon Book Survey of Possessions of the See of Durham (Surtees Society); Select Pleas in Manorial Courts (Maitland, Selden Society); The Court Baron (Maitland & Baildon, Selden Society); Cartulary of Ramsey Abbey (Rolls Series); Inquisition of Manors of Glastonbury Abbey (Roxburgh Club); Manchester Court Leet Records (Harland, Chetham Society). A large number of manorial records are edited among the publications of the Society of Antiquaries and County Record and Archæological Societies. _Literary authorities_:--Robert Grossteste, _Epistoloe_ (Rolls Series); Walter of Henley, _Husbandry_ (Lamond); _Piers Plowman_; Chaucer, _Canterbury Tales_. 1. EXTENT OF THE MANOR OF HAVERING [_Rentals and Surveys, Roll_ 189], 1306-7. The Manor of Havering extended by the order of the King before ... and Richard le Rus in the thirty-fifth year of the reign by Richard of the Elms (_de Ulmis_)[91].... Who say on their oath that the King has there in demesne 223-1/2 acres of arable land, whereof the acre is worth 6d. a year. Sum, 111s. 9d. Further, 38 acres of arable land, which Adam de Rumford holds, which are of the demesne and were arrented by William Brito and his fellows, as is found below. Further, 5 acres of arable land, which Walter le Blake holds, and they are of the demesne and were arrented by the same as below, etc. Further, 15 acres of meadow, whereof each is worth 16d. a year. Sum, 20s.