=Painting: French and Spanish=. By GERARD SMITH, Exeter Coll., Oxon. Including the Lives of Ribera, Zurbaran, Velazquez, and Murillo; Poussin, Claude Lorrain, Le Sueur, Chardin, Greuze, David, and Prud'hon; Ingres, Vernet, Delaroche, and Delacroix; Corot, Diaz, Rousseau, and Millet; Courbet, Regnault, Troyon; and many other celebrated Artists. With 80 Illustrations. Nearly ready. [Illustration: THE VALLEY FARM. _By_ CONSTABLE. A.D. 1835. _In the National Gallery._] _ILLUSTRATED HANDBOOKS OF ART HISTORY_ ENGLISH PAINTERS BY H. J. WILMOT-BUXTON, M.A. WITH A CHAPTER ON AMERICAN PAINTERS BY S. R. KOEHLER [Illustration] LONDON SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON, SEARLE, & RIVINGTON CROWN BUILDINGS, FLEET STREET 1883 (_All rights reserved_.) [Illustration] PREFACE. This brief sketch of the rise and progress of Painting in England has been drawn from a variety of sources. The little that can be traced of artistic work previous to the end of the fifteenth century does not fill many pages. Ignorance, carelessness, and "iconoclastic rage" all contributed to the defacement of paintings which we have every reason to believe at one time abounded in our churches and public buildings, as they did at the same period in Italy; and there is good evidence that some of our early English artists are not to be despised. Our forefathers were too much engaged in the rough contests of war to care much for the arts of peace. In the sixteenth century several foreign artists of more or less celebrity were induced to visit and stay in England. Foremost of these was Holbein, and to his example English artists are deeply indebted. In the next century there were a few excellent miniature painters, whose work is not to be surpassed at the present day, and then came a succession of foreigners--Rubens and Van Dyck from Flanders, Lely and Kneller from Germany, and a host of lesser men, who seem to have in a great measure monopolized portrait painting--then in vogue among the nobility--for more than a hundred years. Early in the eighteenth century came Hogarth, followed by Reynolds, Gainsborough and Romney, and from that time to the present, Art has year by year progressed, till now English Painters have become a recognised power in the state, and contribute, in no small degree, to the enlightenment, pleasure and refinement of the age. H.J.W.-B. _November_, 1882. [Illustration] CONTENTS. PAINTING IN ENGLAND. CHAPTER I. PAGE Early English Art 1 CHAPTER II. English Art in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries 9 CHAPTER III. English Art in the Eighteenth Century--William Hogarth 36 CHAPTER IV. The Royal Academy and its influence 44 CHAPTER V. The Progress of English Art in the Eighteenth Century 60 CHAPTER VI. Book Illustrators--Miniature Painters 85 CHAPTER VII.