Great Britain. Royal Commission on Poor Laws and Relief of Distress; Poor -- Great Britain; Poor laws -- Great Britain
It is to be noted that, in spite of the Poplar experience, the policy of
a special "Test House," devoted exclusively to the able-bodied,
continued to be pressed on guardians by the Inspectorate. The Birmingham
Guardians established such a "test house," in 1880, but it seems to have
been opened to other classes in 1887.[523] In the latter year,
notwithstanding this renewed abandonment, we see Mr. Henley pressing the
same policy on the Manchester Guardians, leading them to visit
Birmingham to inspect the test house there.[524] In the Metropolis, the
inspectorate got the Kensington workhouse made use of in 1882, in
substitution for that of Poplar, though only for males; and able-bodied
applicants were, for thirteen years, referred thither. This arrangement
came to an end in 1905, greatly to the regret of the inspectorate. This
Kensington test house, it was said, "for many years did useful work as a
place where really able-bodied men were received from all parts of
London, and kept hard at work under strict surveillance. As the
Kensington Guardians now need the workhouse for their own purposes this
arrangement has of necessity ceased.... The number of really able-bodied
men in the London workhouses at one time is never very large, but it is
large enough to make it extremely desirable that there should be at
least one workhouse exclusively for such a class, to which, and to which
only, they might be admitted."[525]
[523] Special Orders of 13th October 1880, 24th August 1881, and
11th February 1887.
[524] MS. Minutes, Manchester Guardians, July and August 1887. The
Manchester Guardians did not act on this, but ten years later
united with the Chorlton Guardians in setting aside (under the
Poor Law Act 1879) one workhouse for the double purpose of a
casual ward and "a test house for able-bodied paupers" (See
Special Orders to Manchester and Chorlton, dated 20th March 1897,
and 9th April 1898; Twenty-Seventh Annual Report, 1897-8, pp.
127-8). This still continues. The whole experience of these
Able-bodied Test Workhouses is reviewed in the Minority Report,
1909.
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