Great Britain. Royal Commission on Poor Laws and Relief of Distress; Poor -- Great Britain; Poor laws -- Great Britain
[288] Thus, under the Poor Relief Act, 1849, the Commissioners
might make rules "for the management and government of any house
or establishment wherein any poor person shall be lodged, boarded
or maintained, for hire or remuneration, under any contract or
agreement entered into by the proprietor, manager or
superintendent, ... with any guardians," unless such an
institution be a county lunatic asylum, a hospital registered or
house licensed for the reception of lunatics, or a "hospital,
infirmary, school or other institution, supported by public
subscriptions, and maintained for purposes of charity only" (12 &
13 Vic. c. 13, secs. 1, 2). By the Metropolitan Poor Act 1867 (30
& 31 Vic. c. 6), they were given power to combine Metropolitan
unions and parishes into districts for the provision of sick,
insane, infirm or other asylums (see sections on the sick and
lunatics) and to direct the erection or adaptation of the
necessary buildings; what use the Central Authority made of these
powers will be seen presently. Another Metropolitan Poor Act in
1871 extended the application of the former to "any ship, vessel,
hut, tent, or other temporary erection which may be used by the
managers, with the approval of the Poor Law Board, for the
reception of paupers, or otherwise for the purposes of the asylum"
(34 Vic. c. 15, sec. 1). The Central Authority was also enabled
(by the Paupers Conveyance Expenses Act 1870) to "direct in what
cases (other than those expressly provided for by law) and under
what regulations, the guardians ... may pay the reasonable
expenses incurred ... in conveying any person chargeable ... from
one place to another in England" (33 & 34 Vic. c. 48, sec. 1).
_A._--_The Able-bodied_
So far as may be gathered from new statutes, new general orders, or new
circulars of the Central Authority, there was, between 1847 and 1871, no
new policy prescribed to the local Poor Law authorities[289] for the
relief of the able-bodied. It is true that in August 1852, revised in
December 1852, we have a great General Order (still in force), the
Outdoor Relief Regulation Order, which permitted outdoor relief to the
able-bodied, unconditionally for women, and subject to test work for
men. This, however, was but a codification, with slight amendments, of
the separate Outdoor Labour Test Orders that had been issued between
1835 and 1852. It might, therefore, be inferred that the Central
Authority did not, between 1847 and 1871, change its policy.[290]
[289] The episode of the Lancashire Cotton Famine, and its relief
works, in which the boards of guardians were concerned only as
nuisance-abatement authorities, will be dealt with under the head
of Municipal Work for the Unemployed.
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