English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
History
English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
is quite of later growth. In our ‘Colets’ and ‘Collets’ (sometimes the
diminutives of ‘Colin’) we are reminded of the colet, or acolyte, who
waited upon the priest and assisted in carrying the bread and wine, in
lighting the candles, and performing all subordinate duties. Our
‘Bennets,’ when not belonging to the class of baptismal names (as a
corruption of ‘Benedict’), once performed the functions of exorcists,
and by the imposition of hands and the aspersion of holy water expelled
evil spirits from those said to be thus possessed. Last of this group we
may mention our ‘Croziers’ and ‘Crosiers,’ they who at this time bore
the pastoral staff. Mediæval forms of these are met with in ‘Simon le
Croyzer’ or ‘Mabel la Croiser.’ I doubt not that he was a kind of
chaplain to his superior, whose official staff it was his duty to bear.
In the Book of Common Prayer of the 2nd year of Edward VI. it is
directed: ‘Whensoever the bishop shall celebrate the holy communion, or
execute any other public office, he shall have upon him, besides his
rochet, an alb and cope, or vestment, and also his pastoral staff in his
hand, or else borne by his chaplain.’
When we turn our eyes for a moment to the old monastic institutions, we
see that they, too, are far from being without their relics. In them we
have more distinctly the echo of a departed time. Many of my readers
will be familiar with the distinction recorded in such names as
‘Alexander le Seculer’ and ‘Walter le Religieuse,’ or ‘man of religion,’
as Chaucer would have termed the latter. To be ‘_religious_’ in the
thirteenth and fourteenth centuries was to be one of a monastic order
bound by vows. Thus our great mediæval poet says in his Romance—
Religious folk ben full covert,
Secular folke ben more apert,
But natheless, I will not blame
Religious folke, ne them defame
In what habite that ever they go;
Religion humble, and true also,
Will I not blame, ne despise.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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