English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
History
English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
The nickname ‘rutterkin’ proves the Flemish origin of these troopers.
Their capacity for stowing away food and drink, from all accounts, is
not exaggerated in the poem from which the above is an extract. We have
just mentioned our ‘Bachelors,’ and this reminds us of our ‘Childs,’ and
of the days of chivalry. The term ‘child’ was a distinctly honourable
title in the olden times. It was borne by the sons of all the higher
nobility; if by the eldest son, then in right of his title to his
father’s honours and possessions; if more generally by others, then
until by some deed of prowess they had been raised to the ranks of
knighthood. In either case ‘child’ was the term in use during this
probationary state. Thus Byron in his ‘Childe Harold’ has but revived
the ‘Childe Waters,’ ‘Childe Rolands,’ and ‘Childe Thopas’s’ of earlier
times.[190] We owe many existing and several obsolete surnames to this
custom. Our ‘Childs’ are but descendants of such a sobriquet as ‘Ralph
le Child;’ our ‘Eyres’ of such an entry as ‘William le Eyre;’ some of
our ‘Barnes’ may be but the offspring of such a personage as ‘Thomas le
Barne’ (now ‘bairn,’ that is, the born one); while ‘Stephen le Enfant’
or ‘Walter le Enfaunt’ represents an appellation that is now obsolete in
England.[191] I need scarcely add that this last, in the form of Infante
and Infanta, still bears the same meaning in the royal families of Spain
that Child did in our own land in more chivalric days.
The details of early feudal life are wonderfully depicted by our
nomenclature. Owing to the boundless and forced ceremony which arose out
of the prevailing spirit of feudal pride, our official memorials are
well-nigh overwhelming. Feudal tenure itself became associated with
office, and none seemed too servile for acceptance. As has been said of
Charlemagne’s Court, so might it be said of those of others—‘they were
crowded with officers of every rank, some of the most eminent of whom
exercised functions about the royal person which would have been thought
fit only for slaves in the palace of Augustus or Antonine’—‘to carry his
banner or his lance, to lead his array, to be his marshall, or
constable, or sewer, or carver, to do in fact such services, trivial or
otherwise, as his lord might have done himself, in proper person, had it
so pleased him—this was the position coveted by youths of birth and
distinction at such a period as this.’ Many of these officerships, or
the bare titles, still linger round the court of our sovereign. The
higher feudatories, of course, followed the example thus set them by
their suzerain, and the lesser barons these, and thus household officers
sprang up on every side. See how this has left its mark upon our
surnames. ‘John le Conestable,’ or ‘Robert le Constable,’ I need not
say, is still well represented. In the ‘Man of Lawes Tale’ the poet
says:—
The constable of the castel doun is fare
To see this wreck.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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