English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
History
English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
But the moment we hint of the village streamlet we are thrown upon a
subject vast indeed—the mill and the miller. He was emphatically, you
see, _the_ miller. Even now, in these busy grasping days, when we have
cotton mills and saw mills, silk mills and powder mills, mills for this
and mills for that, still it never occurs to us, when we talk of the
miller, that any one could possibly mistake our meaning. And well may it
be so, for it is with him we entwine pleasant remembrances of the
country, the wheel, the stream, the lusty dimpled trout; with him we
associate all of comfortable, peaceful content. A white jacket and a
white cap, with a black coat for Sundays—how black it would look to be
sure—a bluff, good-humoured face, a friendly nod, and a blithe
good-morrow, up early and to bed betimes, and his memoir is written, and
a very pleasant memoir, too, with a moral to boot for discontented folk,
would they but see it. The old word for mill was ‘milne,’ hence we still
have the earlier form, ‘Milnes’ and ‘Milner’ being nearly as familiar to
us in that respect as ‘Mills’ and ‘Miller.’ Besides these we have
‘Milman’ and ‘Milward,’ who once, no doubt, acted as custodian, the
modern ‘man on the premises,’ in fact.[264] The ancestry of all these is
proved by such registered forms as ‘John le Mellere,’ ‘William le
Melner,’ ‘Robert le Milleward,’[265] ‘John del Mill,’ or ‘Thomas atte
Milne,’ all of which are found scattered over our earlier rolls.[266]
Our ‘Threshers’ and ‘Taskers’ (Benedict le Tasker,’ H.R.) busied
themselves in urging the flail. I have only lit upon the latter term
once as in ordinary colloquial use. Burton in the preface to his
‘Anatomy’ says—‘many poor country-vicars, for want of other means, are
driven to their shifts,’ and ‘as Paul did, at last turn taskers,
maltsters, costermongers, graziers, etc.’[267] Our ‘Winners,’ shortened
from ‘Winnower,’ winnowed the grain with the fan; our ‘Boulters’ or
‘Bulters,’[268] ‘Siviers’ and ‘Riddlers,’ (‘Geoffrey le Boltere,’ A.,
‘William Rydler,’ Z., ‘Ralph le Siviere,’ A.), still more carefully
separated the flour from the bran. How beautifully Shakespeare presses
this into his imagery many will remember, where Florizel speaks of—
The fanned snow that’s bolted
By the northern blasts twice o’er.
Our Bible translators, too, must have yet been familiar with the simpler
process of this earlier time when they rendered one of the prophet’s
happier foretellings into the beautiful Saxon we still possess:—‘The
oxen likewise, and the young asses that ear the ground shall eat clean
provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan.’
The manufacture or use of the fan wherewith to purge the flour made our
‘Walter le Vanners,’ ‘Simon le Fanneres,’ ‘Richard atte Vannes,’ or
‘William atte Fannes,’ familiar names at this time. In Cocke Lorelle’s
Bote, we find among other craftsmen—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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