English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
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English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
It is, however, as applied to lodging-house keepers our many enrolled
‘Herbert le Herberjurs,’ ‘Roger le Herberers,’ ‘William le Herbers,’ or
‘Richard le Harebers,’ are met with, and I doubt not our ‘Harbers’ and
‘Harbours’ are their offspring. In this sense the word is used by our
mediæval writers in all its forms, whether verb, or adjective, or
substantive. Tyndale’s version of Romans xii. 13 is, ‘Be ready to
harbour,’ where we now have it ‘given to hospitality.’ Bishop Coverdale,
speaking of the grave, says—‘_There_ is the harborough of all flesh;
there lie the rich and the poor in one bed’ (_Fruitful Lessons_). He
adds also, in another place, that Abraham was ‘liberal, merciful, and
harborous’—_i.e._, ready to entertain strangers (_The Old Faith_).
Bradford, too, to give but one more quotation, prays God may ‘sweep the
houses of our hearts, and make them clean, that they may be a worthy
harborough and lodging for the Lord’ (_Bradford’s Works_). Market
Harborough still preserves this old word and its true sense from being
forgotten. With the bearers, therefore, of the above names we may ally
our ‘Inmans’ and ‘Taverners.’ The latter term is frequently found in
early writings, and was evidently in ordinary use for the occupation—
Ryght as of a tavernere
The grene busche that hangeth out
Is a sygne, it is no dowte,
Outward folkys for to telle
That within is wyne to selle.
While, however, the tavern has undergone but little change, the inn has.
With our present Bible an inn is ever a lodging, and this was once the
sole idea the term conveyed. It was not for casual callers by day, but
for lodgers by night. Thus Chaucer in his ‘Knight’s Tale’ uses the verb—
This Theseus, this duk, this worthy knight,
When he had brought them into his cite,
And ynned them, everich (each) at his degre
He festeth them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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