English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
History
English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
The sale of woollen cloth by our ‘clothiers’ and ‘drapers’ we have
already mentioned. The tailor then, as now, made it up into the garments
which the age required. Few names went through so many metamorphoses as
this. ‘Mainwaring,’ it is said, can be found in over a hundred and
thirty different spellings. The exact number with regard to ‘Taylor’ I
cannot state, as I have not dared hitherto to encounter the task of
collecting them. The forms recorded in one register alone give us such
varieties as ‘le Tayllur,’ ‘le Tayllour,’ ‘le Tayller,’ ‘le Taylir,’ ‘le
Taylour,’ ‘le Taylur,’ ‘le Taillur,’ and ‘le Talur.’ We have also the
feminine ‘la Taylurese’ in the same roll.[342] A name obsolete now in a
colloquial sense, but common enough in our directories, is ‘Parminter,’
‘Parmenter,’ or ‘Parmitar,’ a relic of the old Norman-French
‘Parmentier,’ a term a few hundred years ago familiarly used also for
the snip. Among other mediæval forms are ‘Geoffrey le Parmunter,’ ‘Saher
le Parmentier,’ ‘William le Parmeter,’ and ‘Richard le Parmuter.’ The
Hundred Rolls give us the same sobriquet in a Latin dress as ‘William
Parmuntarius.’[343] As associated with the tailor, we may here set down
our ‘Sempsters,’ that is, ‘Seamster,’ the once feminine of ‘Seamer,’ one
who seamed or sewed. Mr. Lower hints that our ‘Seymours’ may in some
instances be a corruption of this latter form, but I must confess I
discover no traces of it.
The sobriquet of ‘William le Burreller’ introduces us to a cloth of a
cheap mixture, brown in colour, of well-nigh everlasting wear, and worn
by all the poorer classes of society at this period. So universal was it
that they came to be known by the general term of ‘borel-folk,’ a phrase
familiar enough to deeper students of antiquarian lore. The Franklin
premises his story by saying—
But, sires, because I am a borel man,
At my beginning first I you beseech
Have me excused of my rude speech.
Our ‘Burrells’ are still sufficiently common to preserve a remembrance
of this now decayed branch of trade. They may derive their name either
from the term ‘borel’ or ‘burel’ pure and simple, or from ‘Burreller,’
and thus represent the trade from which the other, as a sobriquet, owed
its rise. The manufacturer is referred to by ‘Cocke Lorelle,’ in the
line—
Borlers, tapestry-work-makers, dyers.
Special articles of costume now wholly disused, or confined or altered
in sense, crop out abundantly in this class of surnames. At this period
a common outdoor covering for the neck was the wimple, or folded vail,
worn by women. To this day, I need not say, it is part of the conventual
dress. The author I have just quoted beautifully describes Shame as—
Humble of her port, and made it simple
Wearing a vaile, instede of wimple,
As nuns done in their abbey.
Of this princess, too, whose careful dress he so particularly describes,
he says—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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