English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
History
English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
‘Peter le Salter’ or ‘Hugh Saltman’ furnished forth the chloride itself;
‘William le Mustarder’ or ‘Peter le Mustardman,’ or ‘Alice
Mustard-maker,’ the mustard; ‘Thomas le Pepperer,’[377] now spelt
‘Pepper,’ the pepper; ‘Ralph le Soper’ or ‘Adam le Savonier,’ the soap.
Each set before his customers’ eyes those peculiar articles of household
consumption their names severally represent. All these, having
flourished in the earlier age, established for themselves a better place
in our register than our rare ‘Grosers’ or ‘Grossers,’ who in this
respect only appeared in time to save themselves from oblivion, though
they have long ago revenged themselves on their humbler brethren by
swallowing up entire the occupations they followed. It is curious to
note that in later days, through the various accessions of luxury, the
result in well-nigh every case of foreign discovery, even ‘Grocer’ has
failed to comprehend all. In our country villages we all but invariably
find added ‘and licensed dealer in tea, coffee, tobacco, snuff, &c.’ In
our towns, however, this addendum has been dropped, and a ‘grocer’s
shop’ is the place we turn to, without thought of refusal, for these
modern introduced luxuries. What changes in our domestic resources are
here presented for our notice! In my previous chapter it was the
over-abundance of certain rural and primitive surnames which told the
story of the times in which they sprang. The contrary is here the case.
It is in the absence of particular names, some of which I have already
noticed, we have the best guide to the extraordinary changes that have
taken place in our household economy. Look at our tea-table. Already in
the two short centuries from its introduction this article has given its
name to a special meal, having thrown the once afternoon supper into a
nocturnal repast. Even Shakespeare could only say—
Now can I break my fast, dine, sup, and sleep.[378]
How strangely would it have affected our nomenclature had this and other
like novelties been brought in earlier. We should have had ‘William le
Coffyer’ giving us endless anxiety in the endeavour to separate it from
the actual ‘Godfrey le Coffrer.’ We should have had, too, such folk as
‘John le Riceman,’ ‘Walter le Snuffer,’ ‘Ralph le Tobacconer,’ shortened
into ‘Bacconer,’ and the still more awkward ‘le Potatoman,’ almost as
inconvenient as ‘Garlickmonger,’ though doubtless it would have been
quickly curtailed into ‘Taterman’ or ‘Taterer’ or ‘Tatman’ and ‘Tatter,’
and later on again into other forms too obscure to contemplate. The very
recounting of these changes, which are strictly on a par with other
names of a less hypothetical character, serve to impress us with the
difficulties we have to encounter in the task of deciphering many of our
surnames after the wear and tear they have undergone through lapsing
generations.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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