English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
History
English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
A wight man of strength.
‘Manikin,’ found at the same period, needs no explanation.[450]
Of the less general we have well-nigh numberless illustrations. It is
only when we come to look at our nomenclature we find out how many
separate limbs, joints, and muscles we individually possess, and by what
a variety of terms they severally went in earlier days. No treatise of
anatomy can be more precise in regard to this than our directories. Some
prominence or other peculiarity about the head or face has given us our
‘Chins,’ ‘Chekes,’ or ‘Cheeks,’ and ‘Jowles,’ or ‘Joules.’ We are all
familiar with the protruding fangs of our friend ‘Jowler’ of the canine
community. Thus even here also we must place ‘cheek by jowl.’
‘Glossycheek’ (‘Bertholomew Gloscheke,’ A.) once existed, but is
obsolete now. The same is true in respect of ‘Duredent’ (‘Walter
Duredent,’ E.), or ‘Dent-de-fer,’ _i.e._, ‘Irontoothed’ (‘Robert
Dent-de-fer,’ E.), which spoke well no doubt for the masticatory powers
of its owner. ‘Merrymouth’ (‘Richard Merymouth,’ X.) would be a standing
testimony to its possessor’s good humour. It is decidedly more
acceptable than ‘Dogmow’[451] (‘Arnulph Dogmow,’ A.) or ‘Calvesmawe’
(‘Robert Calvesmaghe,’ M.), recorded at the same period. Sweetmouth’
(‘Robert Swetemouth,’ D.) also speaks for the sentiment of the times. In
modern days, at least, the eye is supposed to be one of the chief points
of personal identity. I only find one or two instances, however, where
this feature has given the sobriquet in our mediæval rolls. In the
‘Calendarium Genealogicum’ a ‘Robertus Niger-oculus,’ or ‘Robert
Blackeye,’ is set down as having been ‘pro felonia suspensus.’ We are
reminded in his name of the ‘Blackeyed Susan’ of later days, but whether
Nature had given him the said hue or some pugilistic encounter I cannot
say. Judging by his antecedents, so far as the above Latin sentence
betrays them, the latter would seem to be the more likely origin.[452]
‘William le Blynd,’ or ‘Ralph le Blinde,’ speak for themselves.[453] The
‘Saxon Head,’ in some cases local, doubtless, is still familiar to us.
Its more Norman ‘Tait’ fitly sits at present upon the archiepiscopal
throne of Canterbury. Grostete, one of which name was a distinguished
bishop of Lincoln in the fourteenth century, is now represented by
‘Greathead’ and ‘Broadhead’ only. Butler, in his ‘Hudibras,’ records it
in the more colloquial form of Grosted—
None a deeper knowledge boasted,
Since Hodge Bacon, and Bob Grosted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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