Epic and Romance: Essays on Medieval LiteratureKer, W. P. (William Paton)
History
Epic and Romance: Essays on Medieval Literature
Ker, W. P. (William Paton)
Epic poetry -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval -- History and criticism; Romances -- History and criticism
[Footnote 21: The resemblance to Hildebrand, l. 58, is pointed out by
Sophus Bugge: "Doh maht du nu aodlihho, ibu dir din ellen taoc, In sus
heremo man hrusti giwinnan." (Hildebrand speaks): "Easily now mayest
thou win the spoils of so old a man, if thy strength avail thee." It
is remarkable as evidence of the strong conventional character of the
Teutonic poetry, and of the community of the different nations in the
poetical convention, that two short passages like _Hildebrand_ and
_Waldere_ should present so many points of likeness to other poems, in
details of style. Thus the two lines quoted from _Hildebrand_ as a
parallel to _Waldere_ contain also the equivalent of the Anglo-Saxon
phrase, _Þonne his ellen deah_, a familiar part of the Teutonic
_Gradus_.]
The fragment closes with a pious utterance of submission to heaven, by
which the poem is shown to be of the same order as _Beowulf_ in this
respect also, as well as others, that it is affected by a turn for
edification, and cannot stand as anything like a pure example of the
older kind of heroic poetry. The phrasing here is that of the
Anglo-Saxon secondary poems; the common religious phrasing that came
into vogue and supplemented the old heathen poetical catch-words.
The style of _Waldere_ makes it probable that the action of the story
was not hurried unduly. If the author kept the same proportion
throughout, his poem may have been almost as long as _Waltharius_. It
is probable that the fight among the rocks was described in detail;
the _Maldon_ poem may show how such a subject could be managed in old
English verse, and how the matter of _Waltharius_ may have been
expressed in _Waldere_. Roughly speaking, there is about as much
fighting in the three hundred and twenty-five lines of _Maldon_ as in
double the number of hexameters in _Waltharius_; but the _Maldon_ poem
is more concise than the extant fragments of _Waldere_. _Waldere_ may
easily have taken up more than a thousand lines.
The Latin and the English poems are not in absolute agreement. The
English poet knew that Guðhere, Guntharius, was Burgundian, not Frank;
and an expression in the speech of Hildegyth suggests that the fight
in the narrow pass was not so exact a succession of single combats as
in _Waltharius_.
The poem of _Maldon_ is more nearly related in its style to _Waldere_
and _Beowulf_ than to the _Finnesburh_ fragment. The story of the
battle has considerable likeness to the story of the fight at
Finnesburh. The details, however, are given in a fuller and more
capable way, at greater length.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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