USES: Protective and local stimulant, especially by inhalation. DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.). =*Benzosulphinidum (Benzosulphinid.), Benzosulphinide, U.S.P.= (Saccharin, Glusidum). A white, nearly odorless powder with an intensely sweet taste even in dilute solutions. Slightly soluble (1:290) in water and soluble (1:31) in alcohol and readily dissolved by ammonia water or by a solution of alkali hydroxides or of sodium bicarbonate. ACTION AND USES: Sweetening agent in diabetes mellitus; about 500 times as sweet as sugar, weight for weight. =Berberis (Berber.), Berberis, N.F.= (Oregon Grape Root).--Rhizome and roots. ACTION AND USES: Probably similar to, but without advantage over, hydrastis. DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.). _Fluidextractum Berberidis (Fldext. Berberid.), Fluidextract of Berberis, N.F._--Berberis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent. DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.). =Betaeucainae Hydrochloridum (Betaeucain. Hydrochl.), Betaeucaine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Eucaine Chloride, Eucaine; also known as Benzamine Hydrochloride). A white, odorless powder. Soluble in water (1:30) and in alcohol (1:35). ACTION AND USES: Local anesthetic. DOSAGE: In a 2 or 3 per cent. solution for the eye or 5 to 10 per cent. solution for the nose and throat. =*Betanaphthol (Betanaph.), Betanaphthol, U.S.P.= (Naphthol). Colorless or pale buff crystalline laminae or white or yellowish powder, with a faint phenol odor and a pungent taste. Only slightly soluble in water (1:1000) and very soluble in alcohol (1:0.8). ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic, somewhat stronger than phenol and less toxic. Used in skin affections, and as intestinal antiseptic and anthelmintic for hookworm. DOSAGE: Internally, 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.). Externally as a 3 to 5 per cent. ointment. _Pasta Betanaphtholis (Past. Betanaphthol.), Betanaphthol Paste, N.F._ (Lassar's Naphthol Paste).--Betanaphthol (10%) and precipitated sulphur (50%) in petrolatum and soft soap. _Petroxolinum Betanaphtholis (Petrox. Betanaphthol.), Betanaphthol Petroxolin, N.F._ (Betanaphthol Petrox).--Betanaphthol (10%) in liquid petroxolin. =Bismuthi Betanaphtholas (Bism. Betanaph.), Bismuth Betanaphthol, U.S.P.= (Bismuth Betanaphtholate; also sold as Orphol).--Of somewhat varying composition. A buff-colored or grayish-brown, nearly odorless, tasteless powder. Nearly insoluble in water or alcohol. ACTION AND USES: Used as an intestinal antiseptic, being decomposed into its constituents in the intestine, where it exerts the effects of bismuth salts and of betanaphthol. DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.). =Bismuthi et Ammonii Citras (Bism. et Ammon. Cit.), Bismuth and Ammonium Citrate, U.S.P.= (Bismuth Ammoniocitrate).