DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians should specify the biologically assayed tincture. =Dioscorea (Dioscor.), Dioscorea, N.F.= (Wild Yam Root, Colic Root).--Rhizome. ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its use; formerly used in the treatment of "abdominal irritation." DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.). _Fluidextractum Dioscoreae (Fldext. Dioscor.), Fluidextract of Dioscorea, N.F._--Dioscorea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent. DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.). =Drosera (Droser.), Drosera, N.F.= (Sundew).--Flowering plant. ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its use (formerly used in respiratory diseases). DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.). _Fluidextractum Droserae (Fldext. Droser.), Fluidextract of Drosera, N.F._--Drosera (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent. DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.). =Dulcamara (Dulcam.), Bittersweet, N.F.=--Stems and branches. ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its use. Formerly used as "alterative." DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.). _Fluidextractum Dulcamarae (Fldext. Dulcam.), Fluidextract of Bittersweet, N.F._--Bittersweet (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent. DOSAGE: 4 Cc. of fluidrachm (N.F.). =Echinacea (Echin.), Echinacea, N.F.=--Rhizome and roots. ACTION AND USES: The claims for this drug as an "alterative" and antisyphilitic are extravagant and unwarranted. There are no established indications for its use. DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.). _Fluidextractum Echinaceae (Fldext. Echin.), Fluidextract of Echinacea, N.F._--Echinacea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent. DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.). =*Elaterinum (Elaterin.), Elaterin, U.S.P.=--A neutral principle obtained from the squirting cucumber. The commercial product is variable and may at times be practically inert. White, odorless powder, with a slightly acrid, bitter taste. Insoluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol (1:325). ACTION AND USES: One of the most powerful and irritant of hydragogue cathartics, causing profuse watery evacuations. DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain. _Trituratio Elaterini (Trit. Elaterin.), Trituration of Elaterin, U.S.P._--Elaterin (10%). DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.). =ELIXIRIA, ELIXIRS.=--Elixirs are sweetened, aromatic, alcoholic liquids similar to cordials. In the administration of an elixir, the effects due to its alcohol content should be borne in mind. The statements of alcohol content of elixirs in this volume refer to percentage of absolute alcohol by volume.