American loyalists; Andros, Edmund, Sir, 1637-1714; Society of Friends -- New England; Witchcraft -- New England
With the early history of Quakerism we have little to do. Its founder,
George Fox, was the son of a weaver at Fenny Drayton (or Drayton in
the Clay) in Leicestershire. He had been piously brought up by his
parents, who were members of the Church of England, and passed a
boyhood and youth of singular purity and innocence. When he was growing
up to manhood he passed through a period of deep religious depression,
and found no help from any of his friends or from the ministers of
the parish churches in his neighborhood (who at this time were mainly
Presbyterians) or from the newer lights of the rising separatist
bodies. One counselled him to have blood let, another to use tobacco
and sing psalms; and the poor distracted boy, whose soul was heavy
with a sense of the wrath of God, found no comfort from any of them.
A careful study of the Bible made him quick to see the weak points
in the systems that surrounded him, and at last he found the comfort
he sought in the sense of an immediate communion with God and an
indwelling of the Spirit of Christ within the soul. For a time he led a
solitary life, leaving home and friends and wandering over the country
on foot, clothed in garments of leather, sleeping wherever he could
find a lodging, and spending whole days sometimes in the hollows of
great trees. Soon it was “borne in upon him” that the presence of the
Spirit and the inner light was as good a qualification for the office
of preacher as that of being a graduate of Oxford or Cambridge, and he
began his public ministry about the year 1646.[2]
With the externals of Quakerism we are all familiar: the morbid
conscientiousness that forbade the use of the common forms of courtesy,
the simple dress, the refusal to submit to the authority of magistrates
or of priests in matters concerning religion, and the unwillingness to
pay them the usual compliments due to their position. The true inner
nature of Quakerism, which gave it its strength, lay not merely in
its abhorrence of forms and formulas, its vigorous protest against
any compulsion in matters either of religious thought or religious
observance, but essentially in its consciousness of the need of the
Divine presence and its belief in the fulfilment of the Saviour’s
promise to send his Spirit into the world.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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