[Transcriber's Note: On P. 435, there are four instances of "2" in brackets. {2} indicates a subscript 2. ^{2} indicates a superscript 2. [+] in Footnote 69 indicates a larger than normal plus sign. Remaining transcriber's notes are at the end of the text.] ESSAYS IN EXPERIMENTAL LOGIC _By_ JOHN DEWEY THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO, ILLINOIS COPYRIGHT 1916 BY THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO All Rights Reserved Published June 1916 Second Impression May 1918 Third Impression October 1920 Composed and Printed By The University of Chicago Press Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. PREFATORY NOTE In 1903 a volume was published by the University of Chicago Press, entitled _Studies in Logical Theory_, as a part of the "Decennial Publications" of the University. The volume contained contributions by Drs. Thompson (now Mrs. Woolley), McLennan, Ashley, Gore, Heidel, Stuart, and Moore, in addition to four essays by the present writer who was also general editor of the volume. The edition of the _Studies_ being recently exhausted, the Director of the Press suggested that my own essays be reprinted, together with other studies of mine in the same field. The various contributors to the original volume cordially gave assent, and the present volume is the outcome. Chaps. ii-v, inclusive, represent (with editorial revisions, mostly omissions) the essays taken from the old volume. The first and introductory chapter has been especially written for the volume. The other essays are in part reprinted and in part rewritten, with additions, from various contributions to philosophical periodicals. I should like to point out that the essay on "Some Stages of Logical Thought" antedates the essays taken from the volume of _Studies_, having been published in 1900; the other essays have been written since then. I should also like to point out that the essays in their psychological phases are written from the standpoint of what is now termed a behavioristic psychology, though some of them antedate the use of that term as a descriptive epithet. J. D. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY April 3, 1916 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. THE RELATIONSHIP OF THOUGHT AND ITS SUBJECT-MATTER 75 III. THE ANTECEDENTS AND STIMULI OF THINKING 103 IV. DATA AND MEANINGS 136 V. THE OBJECTS OF THOUGHT 157 VI. SOME STAGES OF LOGICAL THOUGHT 183 VII. THE LOGICAL CHARACTER OF IDEAS 220 VIII. THE CONTROL OF IDEAS BY FACTS 230