In any case, I shall be more than content if I have been able to
persuade you first that the term God, just as much as the terms
Energy, say, or Justice, has a real meaning and scientifically-based
sense. Second, that the idea of God has and will continue to have an
important biological function in man as denoting an idea, organized
in a particular way, of the whole of the reality with which he is
in contact. Thirdly, that the physical and biological sciences, in
discovering the unity of matter and energy, and the direction operating
in cosmic evolution, have provided a real basis for what up till now
have been only theological speculations. Fourthly, that psychological
science, in revealing some of the mechanism of mind, is helping us to
appreciate the value of so-called mystical experience, is laying a
foundation for the proper spiritual training and development of human
mind, and shows us how the idea of God may be efficacious as a dominant
idea in the all-important process of sublimation. And finally that,
since the scientific mode of thought is of general and not merely local
or temporary validity, to build a religion on its basis is to make it
possible for that religion to acquire a stability, a universality, and
a practical value hitherto unattained.
We are yet at the very beginning of that task, but I cannot close
better than by reminding you of another biological fact of importance,
that from all analogy the human species is yet near the beginning of
its evolutionary career, and that man has before him vast tracts of
time to set against the vastness of his tasks.
A chapter in the history of Earth closed with the appearance of Man.
In man, the _Weltstoff_ had been made able to think and feel, to love
beauty and truth--the cosmos had generated soul. A new chapter then
began, a chapter in which we all are characters. Matter had flowered in
soul. Soul has now to mould matter.
That moulding of matter by spirit is, under one aspect, Science; under
another, Art; under still another, Religion. Let us be careful not to
allow the moulding forces to counteract each other when they might be
made to co-operate.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Arnold, M., ’73, ’75. “Literature and Dogma”; and “God and the
Bible.” London, 1873 and 1875.
Baudouin, C., ’20. “Suggestion and Auto-Suggestion.” London, 1920.
Bergson, H., ’11. “Creative Evolution.” London, 1911.
Boutroux, E., ’12. “Science and Religion in Contemporary
Philosophy.” London, 1912.
Brown, W., ’22. “Psychology and Psychotherapy.” London, 1922.
Buckland, ’37. “Geology and Mineralogy considered with reference
to Natural Theology.” London, 1837.
Crawley, ’02. “The Mystic Rose.” London, 1902.
Danysz, J., ’21. “La Genèse de l’Energie Psychique.” Paris, 1921.
Flaubert, G. “La Tentation de St. Antoine.”
Frazer, J. “The Golden Bough.” 3 vols.
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