Castle, _et al_, ’12. “Genetics and Eugenics.” Chicago, 1912. Conklin, E. G. “Heredity and Environment in the Development of Man.” London, 1922. Darwin, C. “The Origin of Species.” ---- ---- “The Descent of Man.” Dendy, ’14. “Outlines of Evolutionary Biology.” London, 1914. Hobhouse, L. T., ’19. “Development and Purpose.” London, 1919. Huxley, J. S., ’12. “The Individual in the Animal Kingdom.” Cambridge, 1912. ---- T. H. “Evolution and Ethics.” Collected Essays, vol. ix. London, 1906. Inge, W. R., ’20. “The Idea of Progress.” Romanes Lectures. Oxford, 1920. James, W., ’02. “Varieties of Religious Experience.” London, 1902. Köhler, W., ’21. “Intelligenzprüfungen an Menschenaffen.” Berlin, 1921. Lloyd Morgan, C, ’20. “Animal Behaviour.” London, 1920. Loeb, J., ’18. “Forced Movements, Tropisms, and Animal Conduct.” Philadelphia, 1918. Lull, ’17. “Organic Evolution.” New York, 1917. M’Dougall, W., ’11. “Body and Mind.” London, 1911. Osborn, H. F., ’10. “The Age of Mammals.” New York, 1910. Shipley and MacBride, ’20. “Zoology.” Cambridge, 1920. Washburn, M. F., ’13. “The Animal Mind.” New York, 1913. Weismann, A., ’04. “The Evolution Theory.” 2 vols. London, 1904. Whetham, W. C. D., ’12. “Heredity and Society.” London, 1912. Woodward, A. S., ’98. “Outlines of Vertebrate Paleontology.” Cambridge, 1898. FOOTNOTES: [1] Wells, ’17. [2] Bury, ’20. [3] This holds good, naturally, for any given spot on the earth’s crust: once the contained fossils have been carefully examined from a number of series of strata, they enable us to correlate the ages of the members of the different series. [4] Bateson, ’22. [5] There is a certain school of biologists who object to describing Protozoa as cells. This to others appears pedantic. But, whether or no they are right in the matter of terminology, the fact which I am here emphasizing remains, viz., that Protozoa had to be aggregated before the Metazoa, or many-celled animals, could arise. [6] See Lloyd Morgan, ’20; Washburn, ’13; Köhler, ’21. [7] Huxley, ’12. [8] See Babcock and Clausen, ’19. [9] See Conklin, ’22. [10] See Carr-Saunders, ’22. [11] See Huxley, ’12. [12] See Woodward, ’98; Osborn, ’10. [13] See Carr-Saunders, ’22. [14] See Köhler, ’21. [15] See Whetham, ’21; Castle, ’12. [16] See the second essay of this volume for fuller discussion of this point. [17] Inge, ’20. II BIOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY PROGRESS The Crab to Cancer junior gave advice: “Know what you want, my son, and then proceed Directly sideways. God has thus decreed-- Progress is lateral; let that suffice.” Darwinian Tapeworms on the other hand Agree that Progress is a loss of brain, And all that makes it hard for worms to attain The true Nirvana--peptic, pure, and grand.