Zoologically the Banda Islands lie within Wallace's Australian Region, and their avifauna has a great affinity with that of Australia. Wallace visited these islands in December 1857, May 1859, and April 1861, and collected eight species of birds, namely, _Rhipidura squamata_, a fan-tailed Flycatcher; _Pachycephala phaeonota_, a thickhead; _Myzomela boiei_, a small scarlet-headed honey-eater; _Zosterops chloris_, a white-eye; _Pitta vigorsi_, one of the brightly-coloured ground thrushes of the Malayan region; _Halcyon chloris_, a kingfisher with a somewhat extensive range; _Ptilopus xanthogaster_, a fruit-eating pigeon, and the nutmeg pigeon, _Carpophaga concinna_. The islands were visited by the members of the _Challenger_ expedition in September and October, 1874, but the only additional species then obtained was _Monarcha cinerascens_, also a Flycatcher. These birds may be regarded as the resident birds of the Banda Islands, but there are others which are occasional visitants or migrants. Indeed, in seas so full of islands, it is inevitable that wanderers from other islands should occasionally visit the group. To those which I have already mentioned there may therefore be added, as of less frequency, the accipitrine bird, _Astur polionotus_, the Hoary-backed Goshawk; the Passeres _Edoliisoma dispar_, a Caterpillar Shrike, the skin of a male of which from Great Banda is in the Leyden Museum, and _Motacilla melanope_, the Grey Wagtail. Of picarian birds there have been found _Cuculus intermedius_, the Oriental Cuckoo; _Eudynamis cyanocephala_ sub-species _everetti_, a small form of the Koel, and _Eurystomus australis_, the Australian Roller. Joao de Barros, in his _Asia_, mentions the parrots of the Banda Islands,[5] and we find accordingly that one of the Psittaci is recorded from Banda in modern times, namely, _Eos rubra_, a red, or rather a crimson lory. The ornithologist Mueller saw many of these birds in Great Banda, on the Kanary trees. Additional pigeons are the seed-eating _Chalcophaps chrysochlora_ and the fruit-eating _Ptilonopus wallacei_, and finally there is one gallinaceous bird which is probably resident, but the shy and retiring habits of which have enabled it to escape observation until recently. This is a Scrub Fowl (_Megapodius duperreyi_). [5] III. v. 6. 'Muitos papagayos & passaros diversos.' THE ETYMOLOGY OF THE NAME 'EMU'