Essays on the use and limit of the imagination in scienceTyndall, John
Science
Essays on the use and limit of the imagination in science
Tyndall, John
Science
the beginning of their growth?_ What notion can you form of the
magnitude of such particles? The distances of stellar space give us
simply a bewildering sense of vastness without leaving any distinct
impression on the mind, and the magnitudes with which we have here to
do bewilder us equally in the opposite direction. We are dealing with
infinitesimals compared with which the test objects of the microscope
are literally immense.
From their perviousness to stellar light, and other considerations,
Sir John Herschel drew some startling conclusions regarding the
density and weight of comets. You know that these extraordinary and
mysterious bodies sometimes throw out tails 100,000,000 of miles in
length, and 50,000 miles in diameter. The diameter of our earth is
8,000 miles. Both it and the sky, and a good portion of space beyond
the sky, would certainly be included in a sphere 10,000 miles across.
Let us fill this sphere with cometary matter, and make it our unit
of measure. An easy calculation informs us that to produce a comet’s
tail of the size just mentioned about 300,000 such measures would
have to be emptied into space. Now suppose the whole of this stuff
to be swept together, and suitably compressed, what do you suppose
its volume would be? Sir John Herschel would probably tell you that
the whole mass might be carted away at a single effort by one of your
dray-horses. In fact, I do not know that he would require more than
a small fraction of a horse-power to remove the cometary dust. After
this you will hardly regard as monstrous a notion I have sometimes
entertained concerning the quantity of matter in our sky. Suppose a
shell to surround the earth at a height above the surface which would
place it beyond the grosser matter that hangs in the lower regions of
the air--say at the height of the Matterhorn or Mont Blanc. Outside
this shell we have the deep blue firmament. Let the atmospheric space
beyond the shell be swept clean, and let the sky-matter be properly
gathered up. What is its probable amount? I have sometimes thought that
a lady’s portmanteau would contain it all. I have thought that even a
gentleman’s portmanteau--possibly his snuffbox--might take it in. And
whether the actual sky be capable of this amount of condensation or
not, I entertain no doubt that a sky quite as vast as ours, and as good
in appearance, could be formed from a quantity of matter which might be
held in the hollow of the hand.
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