Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative; Vol. 2 of 3: Library Edition (1891), Containing Seven Essays not before Republished, and Various other Additions.Spencer, Herbert
Philosophy
Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative; Vol. 2 of 3: Library Edition (1891), Containing Seven Essays not before Republished, and Various other Additions.
Spencer, Herbert
Philosophy; Political science; Science
“. . . la perfection du système Though along with the extension
positif, vers laquelle il tend of generalizations, and
sans cesse, quoiqu’il soit concomitant integration of
très-probable, qu’il ne doive conceived causal agencies, the
jamais l’atteindre, serait de conceptions of causal agencies
pouvoir se représenter tous les grow more indefinite; and though
divers phénomènes observables as they gradually coalesce into
comme des cas particuliers d’un a universal causal agency,
seul fait general, p. 5. . . . . . they cease to be representable
considérant comme absolument in thought, and are no longer
inaccessible, et vide de sens supposed to be comprehensible;
pour nous la recherche de ce yet the consciousness of _cause_
qu’on appelle les _causes_, soit remains as dominant to the last
premières, soit finales.” p. 14. as it was at first; and can never
be got rid of. The consciousness
of cause can be abolished only
by abolishing consciousness
itself.[15] (_First Principles_, §
26.) {128}
“Ce n’est pas aux lecteurs de cet Ideas do not govern and
ouvrage que je croirai jamais overthrow the world: the world
devoir prouver que les idées is governed or overthrown by
gouvernent et bouleversent le feelings, to which ideas serve
monde, ou, en d’autres termes, que only as guides. The social
tout le mécanisme social repose mechanism does not rest finally
finalement sur des opinions. Ils on opinions; but almost wholly
savent surtout que la grande on character. Not intellectual
crise politique et morale des anarchy, but moral antagonism, is
sociétés actuelles tient, en the cause of political crises.
dernière analyse, à l’anarchie All social phenomena are produced
intellectuelle.” p. 48.[16] by the totality of human emotions
and beliefs; of which the emotions
are mainly pre-determined,
while the beliefs are mainly
post-determined. Men’s desires
are chiefly inherited; but their
beliefs are chiefly acquired,
and depend on surrounding
conditions; and the most important
surrounding conditions depend
on the social state which the
prevalent desires have produced.
The social state at any time
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