Essays Upon Heredity and Kindred Biological Problems: Authorised TranslationWeismann, August
Science
Essays Upon Heredity and Kindred Biological Problems: Authorised Translation
Weismann, August
Evolution (Biology); Genetics; Reproduction
But quite apart from the fact that it is impossible to bring forward
any proofs, the theory of rejuvenescence seems to me to be
unsatisfactory in other ways. The whole conception of rejuvenescence,
although very ingenious, has something uncertain about it, and can
hardly be brought into accordance with the usual conception of life as
based upon physical and mechanical forces. How can any one imagine that
an Infusorian, which by continued division had lost its power of
reproduction, could regain this power by forming a new individual,
after fusion with another Infusorian, which had similarly become
incapable of division? Twice nothing cannot make one. If indeed we
could assume that each animal contained half the power necessary for
reproduction, then both together would certainly form an efficient
whole; but it is hardly possible to apply the term rejuvenescence to a
process which is simply an addition, such as would be attained under
other circumstances by mere growth; neglecting, for the present, that
factor which, in my opinion, is of the utmost importance in
conjugation,—the fusion of two hereditary tendencies. If rejuvenescence
possesses any significance at all, it must be this,—that by its means a
force, which did not previously exist in the conjugating individuals,
is called into activity. Such a force would, however, owe its existence
to latent energy stored up in each single animal during the period of
asexual reproduction, and such latent forces would necessarily be of
different natures, and of such a constitution that their union at the
moment of conjugation would give rise to the active force of
reproduction.
The process might perhaps be compared to the flight of two rockets,
which by the combustion of some explosive substance (such as
nitro-glycerine) stored up within themselves are impelled in such a
direction that they would meet at the end of their course, when all the
nitro-glycerine had been completely exhausted. The movement would then
come to an end, unless the explosive material could have been meanwhile
renewed. Now suppose that such a renewal were achieved by the formation
of nitric acid in one of the rockets and glycerine in the other, so
that when they came into contact nitro-glycerine would be formed afresh
equal in quantity and in distribution on both the rockets to that which
was originally present. In this way the movement would be renewed again
and again with the same velocity, and might continue for ever.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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