Essays Upon Some Controverted QuestionsHuxley, Thomas Henry
Religion
Essays Upon Some Controverted Questions
Huxley, Thomas Henry
Science
When one of the higher gods was invoked, through his priest, by a chief who
wished to consult the oracle, or, in old Israelitic phraseology, to
"inquire of," the god, a hog was killed and cooked over night, and,
together with plantains, yams, and the materials for making the peculiar
drink _kava_ (of which the Tongans were very fond), was carried next day to
the priest. A circle, as for an ordinary kava-drinking entertainment, was
then formed; but the priest, as the representative of the god, took the
highest place, while the chiefs sat outside the circle, as an expression of
humility calculated to please the god.
As soon as they are all seated the priest is considered as inspired,
the god being supposed to exist within him from that moment. He remains
for a considerable time in silence with his hands clasped before him,
his eyes are cast down and he rests perfectly still. During the time
the victuals are being shared out and the kava preparing, the
matabooles sometimes begin to consult him; sometimes he answers, and at
other times not; in either case he remains with his eyes cast down.
Frequently he will not utter a word till the repast is finished and the
kava too. When he speaks he generally begins in a low {165} and very
altered tone of voice, which gradually rises to nearly its natural
pitch, though sometimes a little above it. All that he says is supposed
to be the declaration of the god, and he accordingly speaks in the
first person, as if he were the god. All this is done generally without
any apparent inward emotion or outward agitation; but, on some
occasions, his countenance becomes fierce, and as it were inflamed, and
his whole frame agitated with inward feeling; he is seized with an
universal trembling, the perspiration breaks out on his forehead, and
his lips turning black are convulsed; at length tears start in floods
from his eyes, his breast heaves with great emotion, and his utterance
is choked. These symptoms gradually subside. Before this paroxysm comes
on, and after it is over, he often eats as much as four hungry men
under other circumstances could devour. The fit being now gone off, he
remains for some time calm and then takes up a club that is placed by
him for the purpose, turns it over and regards it attentively; he then
looks up earnestly, now to the right, now to the left, and now again at
the club; afterwards he looks up again and about him in like manner,
and then again fixes his eyes on the club, and so on for several times.
At length he suddenly raises the club, and, after a moment's pause,
strikes the ground or the adjacent part of the house with considerable
force; immediately the god leaves him, and he rises up and retires to
the back of the ring among the people (vol. i. pp. 100, 101).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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