Bible and evolution; Evolution (Biology) -- Religious aspects -- Christianity; Temple, Frederick, 1821-1902
(i.) There is the remarkable and clearly-established law of the
sterility of all hybrids between any two of these great divisions. Both
A and B may contain a great number of varieties, and all the varieties of
A can breed freely with each other. In such case there is no failure of
fertility in the progeny. The same is true of B and all the varieties
that spring from it. If these varieties be expressed by the figures 1,
2, 3, etc., A1 may breed with A2, A3, or any other number, and so may
introduce a fresh variety in the race A. But if A, or any variation of
A, should breed with B, or any variation of B, there may be in the first
instance a progeny; but there is a fixed and invariable law of nature
that there should be no perpetuation of that progeny, for every
individual so born is barren. Mules e.g., can never give birth to mules,
and the mule race has no power of self-propagation. Now see how this
bears on the subject of Evolution. If B were evolved out of A, there
would, of course, be countless intermediate variations, and these
variations would all have the power of perpetuating their kind. A would
produce A1, A1 would produce A2, and so on, till A98 would produce A99,
and, finally, to complete the series, A99 would produce A100, or B. But
at this point, if the Evolution theory is to be reconciled with facts, a
new and most strange law must be suddenly evolved; and the continuity of
law must be broken. A98 may breed with A99, and their offspring may
perpetuate their race; but if A99 should breed with A100, which is B, it
is true there may be offspring, but that offspring will bare no power of
self-perpetuation. How can evolutionism explain such a fracture in the
continuity of law? And is not the scientific fact dead against the
Evolution theory?
(ii.) As a matter of fact we do not find that continuous chain of
intermediate links which the theory requires. The theory is, that as
there are to be no sudden jumps in nature, the various numbers are
evolved from each other in a vast series of almost imperceptible
improvement; and it follows of necessity that, if the theory were true,
instead of finding distinct classes, we should find various lines of
progress stealing into each other in steps so minute that it would be
very difficult to detect their differences. If, _e.g._, man has been
evolved from monkey there ought not to be a yawning chasm, as there now
is, between the two, but there ought to be a vast series of connecting
links bridging the chasm between monkeyism and manhood; and there ought
to be a race of monkeys still existing so near to man in physical
structure and mental power that the birth of man from such a parentage
should be within the range of natural probability. Let A be monkey, and
B man, then there ought to be a continuous line of intermediate numbers,
and A99 ought to approximate so closely to B that it would be perfectly
natural for B to be its child.
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