Excursions in the County of Cornwall: Comprising a Concise Historical and Topographical Delineation of the Principal Towns and Villages, Together With Descriptions of the Residences of the Nobility and Gentry, Remains of Antiquity, and Every Other Interesting Object of CuriosityStockdale, Frederick Wilton Litchfield
History
Excursions in the County of Cornwall: Comprising a Concise Historical and Topographical Delineation of the Principal Towns and Villages, Together With Descriptions of the Residences of the Nobility and Gentry, Remains of Antiquity, and Every Other Interesting Object of Curiosity
Stockdale, Frederick Wilton Litchfield
Cornwall (England : County) -- Description and travel; Cornwall (England : County) -- History
The _Sea Adder_ is a kind of nettle-fish, about 16 inches long, and has
a back and tail fin, with scales shaped like those of a land adder.
The _Sun Fish_, so called from being round and emitting a kind of lucid
splendour in a dark apartment, is very rarely seen.
_Turbot_ are caught in great plenty during the summer season. In Mount’s
Bay particularly, there have been instances of 30 being taken in an
evening, with the hook and line. When plentiful, they are generally sold
from 4d. to 6d. per pound.
_Mackarel_ are also caught in great abundance.
_Red Mulletts_ and _John Dory’s_, which are very delicious fish, are
very plentiful, but seldom caught eastward of Plymouth.
_Conger Eels_, of an extremely large size, weighing from 60 to 120lbs.
each, and which with their adder-shaped heads, have a very disgusting
appearance.
All sorts of shell fish are very plentiful, particularly _Oysters_; but
in general they are not so good as those found on the Kentish and other
coasts. The best sort are found in the creeks in Constantine parish, on
the river Heyl.
Respecting the _Mines_, the author of the General View of Cornwall,
says, “in a narrow slip of barren country, where the purposes of
agriculture would not employ above a few thousand people, they alone
support a population, estimated at nearly 60,000, exclusive of the
artizans, tradesmen, and merchants, in the towns of St. Austell, Truro,
Penryn, Falmouth, Redruth, Penzance, and others.”
The tin of Cornwall constituted a branch of commerce at a very early
period; the Phenicians and Grecians are said to be the first persons who
came to Britain to traffic for that article, but how long they enjoyed
the advantage cannot be exactly ascertained. On the discovery of the
secret that the Phenicians and Grecians had the means of procuring this
valuable metal in Britain, the Romans under Cæsar were induced to
undertake an invasion. Though they had possession of the mines for a
long period, it does not appear they made much progress in working them.
During the Saxon government, the tin mines are said to have been
altogether neglected, and the subsequent wars with the Danes and antient
Britons prevented the possibility of much progress being made in mining
concerns. After the Conquest, the mines were of little value to the
proprietors, and even in the reign of King John, the product of them was
so trivial, that the _Tin Farm_ amounted only to 100 marks, and the
King, with whom the right of working the mines solely rested, was so
sensible of their low state, that he bestowed some valuable privileges
on the county, by relieving it from the arbitrary forest laws, and
granting a charter to the tinners, &c.
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