Experiments and Observations Tending to Illustrate the Nature and Properties of Electricity: In One Letter to Martin Folkes, Esq; President, and Two to the Royal Society — John Shaqi
Experiments and Observations Tending to Illustrate the Nature and Properties of Electricity: In One Letter to Martin Folkes, Esq; President, and Two to the Royal SocietyWatson, William, Sir
History
Experiments and Observations Tending to Illustrate the Nature and Properties of Electricity: In One Letter to Martin Folkes, Esq; President, and Two to the Royal Society
Watson, William, Sir
Electricity -- Early works to 1850
In the first Paper[3] I had the Honour to lay before you upon this
Subject, I took Notice of my having observed two different Appearances
of the Fire from electrified Substances; _viz_. those large bright
Flashes, which may be procured from any Part of electrified Bodies, by
bringing a Non-Electric unexcited near them, and with which we have
fired all the inflammable Substances mentioned in the Course of these
Observations; and those, like the firing of wet Gunpowder, which are
only perceptible at the Points or Edges of excited Non-electrics. These
last also appear different in Colour and Form according to the
Substances from which they proceed: For from polished Bodies, as the
Point of a Sword, a Silver Probe, the Points of Scissors, and the Edges
of the Steel-bar made Magnetical by the ingenious Dr. _Knight_, the
electrical Fire appears like a Pencil of Rays, agreeing in Colour with
the Fire from _Boyle_'s Phosphorus; but from unpolished Bodies, as the
End of a Poker, a rusty Nail or such-like, the Rays are much more red.
The Difference of Colour here, I am of Opinion, is owing rather to the
different Reflection of the electrical Fire from the Surface of the Body
from which it is emitted, than to any Difference in the Fire itself.
These Pencils of Rays issue successively as long as the Bodies, from
which they proceed, are exciting; but they are longer and more
brilliant, if you bring any Non-Electric not excited near them, though
it must not be close enough to make them snap. If you hold your Hand at
about two or three Inches Distance from these Points, you not only feel
successive Blasts of Wind from them, but hear also a crackling Noise.
Where there are several Points, you observe at the same Time several
Pencils of Rays.
* * * * *
IT appears from Experiments, that besides the several Properties, that
Electricity is possess'd of peculiar to itself, it has some in common
with Magnetism and Light.
PROPOSITION I.
IN common with Magnetism, Electricity counteracts, and in light
Substances overcomes the Force of Gravity. Like that extraordinary Power
likewise, it exerts its Force _in Vacuo_ as powerfully as in open Air,
and this Force is extended to a considerable Distance through various
Substances of different Textures and Densities.
COROLLARY.
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