VII. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 44 PART II EXPERIMENTS IN PATHOLOGY, MATERIA MEDICA, AND THERAPEUTICS I. INFLAMMATION, SUPPURATION, AND BLOOD-POISONING 75 II. ANTHRAX 87 III. TUBERCLE 96 IV. DIPHTHERIA 102 V. TETANUS 128 VI. RABIES 137 VII. CHOLERA 152 VIII. PLAGUE 168 IX. TYPHOID FEVER; MALTA FEVER 196 X. THE MOSQUITO: MALARIA, YELLOW FEVER, FILARIASIS 214 XI. PARASITIC DISEASES 243 XII. MYXOEDEMA 247 XIII. THE ACTION OF DRUGS 251 XIV. SNAKE-VENOM 259 PART III THE ACT RELATING TO EXPERIMENTS ON ANIMALS IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND I. TEXT OF THE ACT 271 II. ANÆSTHETICS UNDER THE ACT 281 III. INSPECTORS' REPORT, 1905 283 PART IV THE CASE AGAINST ANTI-VIVISECTION I. ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETIES 297 II. LITERATURE 313 III. ARGUMENTS 325 IV. "OUR CAUSE IN PARLIAMENT" 367 V. A HISTORICAL PARALLEL 371 INDEX 377 PART I EXPERIMENTS IN PHYSIOLOGY EXPERIMENTS ON ANIMALS I THE BLOOD I.--BEFORE HARVEY Galen, born at Pergamos, 131 A.D., proved by experiments on animals that the brain is as warm as the heart, against the Aristotelian doctrine that the office of the brain is to keep the heart cool. He also proved that the arteries during life contain blood, not [Greek: pneuma], or the breath of life:-- "Ourselves, having tied the exposed arteries above and below, opened them between the ligatures, and showed that they were indeed full of blood." Though all vessels bleed when they are wounded, yet this experiment was necessary to refute the fanciful teaching of Erasistratus and his followers, of whom Galen says:--