Experiments on the Nervous System with Opium and Metalline Substances: Made Chiefly with the View of Determining the Nature and Effects of Animal ElectricityMonro, Alexander
Science
Experiments on the Nervous System with Opium and Metalline Substances: Made Chiefly with the View of Determining the Nature and Effects of Animal Electricity
Monro, Alexander
Electrophysiology -- Early works to 1800; Frogs -- Physiology; Nervous system -- Experiments -- Early works to 1800
THE Fluid set in motion by the application of the Metals to each
other, and to Animal Bodies or to Water, agrees with or resembles the
Electrical Fluid in the following respects.
LIKE the Electrical Fluid, it communicates the sense of pungency to the
Tongue.
LIKE the Electrical Fluid, it is conveyed readily by Water, Blood, the
Bodies of Animals, the Metals; and is arrested in its course by Glass,
Sealing-Wax, _&c._
IT passes, with similar rapidity, through the Bodies of Animals.
LIKE the Electrical Fluid, it excites the activity of the Vessels of a
living Animal, as the Pain it gives and Hemorrhagy it produces seem to
prove. Hence perhaps it might be employed with advantage in Amenorrhoea.
IT excites Convulsions of the Muscles in the same manner, and with the
same effects as Electricity.
WHEN the Metals and Animal are kept steadily in contact with each
other, the Convulsions cease, or an Equilibrium seems to be produced,
as after discharging a Leyden Phial.
THE NERVOUS FLUID OR ENERGY NOT THE SAME WITH THE ELECTRICAL NOR WITH
THE FLUID PUT IN MOTION BY THE FOREGOING EXPERIMENTS.
THAT the Nervous Fluid is the same with the Electrical, or with the
Fluid which is put in motion by the foregoing Experiments, is, I
apprehend, disproved by the following circumstances.
1. WITHOUT stating the difficulty there is in conceiving how the
Electrical Fluid can be accumulated by or confined within our Nervous
System, we may observe that where the Electrical Fluid, or Fluid
resembling that put in motion by the foregoing Experiments, is
accumulated by an Animal, such as the Torpedo or Gymnotus, a proper
apparatus is given to the Animal, by means of which it is enabled to
collect and to discharge this Fluid.
2. THE Nervous Power is excited by chemical or by mechanical Stimuli;
and, on the other hand, is destroyed by Opium and other Poisons, which
cannot be imagined to act on the Electrical Fluid.
3. I HAVE, I apprehend, refuted the theory of Doctors GALVANI, VALLI
and others, which supposes that the Nerve is electrified _plus_ and
the Muscle _minus_, resembling the Leyden Phial, by shewing that the
Muscles are convulsed where there is no communication between them and
the Metals, but by the medium of the Nerve; or when the Metals are
applied to different parts of the Nerve alone, without touching the
Muscles which are convulsed, and when the Muscle which is convulsed
makes no part of the Circle in which the Matter that is put in motion
passes.
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