This genus is founded on cranial characters: Basipterygoid processes of parasphenoid present but rudimentary. The vomer broad, flat, and three-pointed in front. Maxillaries anchylosed to the premaxillaries, the latter anchylosed to the expanded ossified base of the nasal septum. The ossified mesethmoid stretches backward and is lodged in the concavity of the upper surface of the vomer, so that it presents a form intermediate between the complete aegithognathous forms, such as _Corvus_, and the compound aegithognathous forms, such as _Gymnorhina_, in which desmognathism was superadded by "anchylosis of the inner edge of the maxillaries with a highly ossified alinasal wall and nasal septum" (Parker). PALAEOCORAX MORIORUM (FORBES). _Corvus moriorum_ Forbes, Nature XLVI p. 252 (1892). _Palaeocorax moriorum_ Forbes, Bull. B.O.C. I p. XXI (1892). Dr. Forbes says this bird is of about half the size again of a _Corvus cornix_. The principal characters are cranial, and the same as those of the genus. Habitat: Chatham Islands, and possibly the Middle Island, New Zealand. Many skulls and bones in the Tring Museum. PALAEOCORAX ANTIPODUM FORBES. _Palaeocorax antipodum_ Forbes, Ibis 1893, p. 544. This is said to be distinguished from _P. moriorum_ by its considerably smaller size. Habitat: North Island, New Zealand. {3} FREGILUPUS LESSON. Huge crest, bill long and curved. One species, extinct. FREGILUPUS VARIA (BODD.) (PLATE 1.) _Huppes ou Callendres_, Voyages du Sieur D.B. (Dubois) aux Iles Dauphine ou Madagascar, et Bourbon ou Mascarenne, etc., p. 172 (1674--Bourbon). _Huppe du Cap de Bonne Espérance_ Daubenton, Pl. Enl. 697. _Huppe noire et blanche du Cap de Bonne Espérance_ Montbeillard, Hist. Nat. Ois. VI, p. 463 (1779). _Madagascar Hoopoe_ Latham, Gen. Syn. B. II pt. I, p. 690 (1783). _Upupa varia_ Boddaert, Tabl. Pl. Enl. p. 43 (1783--ex Daubenton). _Upupa capensis_ Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I, p. 466 (1788--ex Montbeillard). _La Huppe grise_ Audebert et Vieillot, Ois. Dor., "Promerops" p. 15 pl. III (1802). _Le Mérops huppé_ Levaillant, Hist. Nat. Promérops, etc., p. 43, pl. 18 (1806). _Upupa madagascariensis_ Shaw, Gen. Zool. VIII, pt. I, p. 140 (1812). _Coracia cristata_ Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. d'Hist. Nat. VIII, p. 3 (1817). _Pastor upupa_ Wagler, Syst. Avium, Pastor, sp. 13 (1827). _Fregilupus borbonicus_ Vinson, Bull. Soc. d'Acclimat 1868, p. 627. _Fregilupus varius_ Hartlaub, Vög. Madagasc. p. 203 (1877); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. XIII p. 194 (1890); Milne-Edwards & Oustalet, Centenaire Mus. Hist. Nat., p. 205, pl. II (1893).