Facts and Speculations on the Origin and History of Playing CardsChatto, William Andrew
History
Facts and Speculations on the Origin and History of Playing Cards
Chatto, William Andrew
Playing cards -- History
In an edition of 'The Compleat Gamester' of 1709, it is said that the
game of Whist is so called from the silence that is to be observed in
the play; and Dr. Johnson, from the manner in which he explains the
term, seems to have favoured this opinion: "Whist, a game at cards,
requiring close attention and silence."[196] The name, however, appears
more likely to have been a corruption of the older one of Whisk. As the
game of Whisk and Swabbers was nearly the same as that of the still
older one of Ruff and Honours, it would seem that the two former terms
were merely the ludicrous synonyms of the latter,--introduced perhaps
about the time that Ruffs were going out of fashion, and when the
Honours represented by the coat cards were at a discount. The fact that
a game, so interesting in itself, should be so slighted, as it was,
by the higher orders, from the reign of Charles II to that of George
II, would seem to intimate that they were well aware of the ridicule
intended to be conveyed by its popular name of Whisk and Swabbers.
Looking at the conjunction of these terms, and considering their
primary meaning,[197] there can scarcely be a doubt that the former
was the original of Whist, the name under which the game subsequently
obtained an introduction to fashionable society, the Swabbers having
been deposed and the Honours restored.
In playing the game, Swabbers seem to have signified either the
Honours, or the points gained through holding them. At the older game
of Ruff and Honours, Ruff signified the Trump. It would appear that
when the Ruff was called a Whisk, in ridicule of the Ruff proper,
the Honours, or points gained through them were, "in concatenation
accordingly, designated Swabbers." In the present day, a Parisian
tailor calls, facetiously, the shirt-ruffle of a shopmate a damping
clout; and Philip Stubbes, in his 'Anatomie of Abuses,' 1583, thus
speaks of the ruffs of the gallants of his time: "Thei have great and
monsterous ruffes, made either of cambricke, holland, lawne, or els of
some other the finest cloth that can be got for money, whereof some be
a quarter of a yarde deepe, yea some more, very few lesse: so that thei
stande a full quarter of a yarde (and more) from their necks, hanging
over their shoulder points instead of a vaile. But if Æolus with his
blasts, or Neptune with his stormes, chaunce to hit upon the crasie
barke of their bruised ruffes, then they goeth flip-flap in the winde,
like ragges that flew abroode, lying upon their shoulders like the
dishcloute of a slut."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account