The most remarkable changes that cards have undergone, with respect to the characters displayed on them, are to be found in certain packs manufactured at Paris in the time of the Revolution. Specimens of the coat cards of two of those packs engraved by Chossonnerie and Gayant, in 1793-4, are given in the 'Jeux de Cartes Tarots et de Cartes Numérales.' In one of them the places of the Kings are occupied by four Philosophers, namely, Molière, La Fontaine, Voltaire, and J. J. Rousseau; the Queens are substituted by the four Virtues, Prudence, Justice, Temperance, and Fortitude; while the Valets are superseded by four Republicans, one of whom is a grim-looking ruffian, with a red cap on, and his shirt-sleeves turned up, brandishing a pike; the second is a soldier armed with a musket; the third an artilleryman; and the fourth a young man, in fancy costume, armed with a musket. In the other pack, four Sages, Solon, M. P. Cato, J. J. Rousseau, and J. J. Brutus, serve instead of Kings; four Virtues, as in the other pack, represent the Queens; though with this difference, that Temperance is displaced by Union; while four "Braves,"--Annibal, Horatius, P. Decius Mus, and M. Scævola, supply the place of Valets. Another pack of Republican cards of the same period is thus described by Peignot, in his 'Analyse de Recherches sur les Cartes à jouer.' "For Kings we have _Genii_; for Queens, _Liberties_; and for Valets, _Equalities_. In place of the King of Hearts there is the Genius of War,--'GÉNIE DE LA GUERRE.' This Genius, which is winged, is seated on the breech of a cannon; he holds in the right hand a sword and a wreath of laurel, and in the left, a shield, round which is the inscription, '_Pour la République Française_.' On the right, read vertically from the top, is the word '_Force_.' At the feet of the Genius are a bomb, a lighted match, and a heap of bullets. At the bottom of the card is the inscription, '_Par brevet d'invention. Naume et Dugouec, au Génie de la Rép. franç._' "For the Queen of Hearts: 'LIBERTÉ DES CULTES,'--Religious Liberty. This is a female seated, very badly draped, and with her legs bare. She holds a pike surmounted with a red cap; and on a bannerol attached to the pike are the words '_Dieu seul_.' Towards her feet are seen three volumes, inscribed '_Thalmud_,' '_Coran_,' and '_Evangile_.' The vertical inscription is, '_Fraternité_.' "Knave of Hearts: 'ÉGALITÉ DES DEVOIRS,'--Equality of Duties. This is a soldier seated on a drum, with his musket between his knees. In his left hand he holds a paper containing the words, '_Pour la patrie_.' The vertical inscription is '_Sécurité_.' "King of Spades: 'GÉNIE DES ARTS,'--the Genius of Arts. The figure of Apollo with a red cap on his head; in one hand he holds the Belvedere statue of himself, and in the other a lyre. The vertical inscription: '_Goût_.' At the bottom, emblems of painting, sculpture, and such like.