Statesmen -- United States; United States -- Biography
The "right moment" came at last. In a single night the soldiers
fortified Dorchester Heights, cannonading the enemy's batteries in the
opposite direction, so that their attention was diverted from the real
work. When the morning dawned of March 5, 1776, General Howe saw,
through the lifting fog, the new fortress, with the guns turned upon
Boston. "I know not what to do," he said. "The rebels have done more
work in one night than my whole army would have done in one month."
He resolved to attack the "rebels" by night, and for this attack
twenty-five hundred men were embarked in boats. But a violent storm set
in, and they could not land. The next day the rain poured in torrents,
and when the second night came Dorchester Heights were too strong to be
attacked. The proud General Howe was compelled to evacuate Boston with
all possible dispatch, March 17, the navy going to Halifax and the army
to New York. The Americans at once occupied the city, and planted the
flag above the forts. Congress moved a vote of thanks to Washington, and
ordered a gold medal, bearing his face, as the deliverer of Boston from
British rule.
The English considered this a humiliating defeat. The Duke of
Manchester, in the House of Lords, said: "British generals, whose name
never met with a blot of dishonor, are forced to quit that town, which
was the first object of the war, the immediate cause of hostilities, the
place of arms, which has cost this nation more than a million to
defend."
The Continental Army soon repaired to New York. Washington spared no
pains to keep a high moral standard among his men. He said, in one of
his orders: "The general is sorry to be informed that the foolish and
wicked practice of profane cursing and swearing--a vice heretofore
little known in an American army--is growing into fashion. He hopes the
officers will, by example as well as influence, endeavor to check it,
and that both they and the men will reflect that we can have little hope
of the blessing of Heaven on our arms if we insult it by our impiety and
folly. Added to this, it is a vice so mean and low, without any
temptation, that every man of sense and character detests and despises
it." Noble words!
Great Britain now realized that the fight must be in earnest, and hired
twenty thousand Hessians to help subjugate the colonies. When Admiral
Howe came over from England, he tried to talk about peace with "Mr."
Washington, or "George Washington, Esq.," as it was deemed beneath his
dignity to acknowledge that the "rebels" had a general. The Americans
could not talk about peace, with such treatment.
Soon the first desperate battle was fought, on Long Island, August 27,
1776, partly on the ground now occupied by Greenwood Cemetery, between
eight thousand Americans and more than twice their number of trained
Hessians. Washington, from an eminence, watched the terrible conflict,
wringing his hands, and exclaiming, "What brave fellows I must this day
lose!"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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