Draining as old as the Deluge.--Roman Authors.--Walter Bligh in 1650.--No thorough drainage till Smith, of Deanston.--No mention of Tiles in the "Compleat Body of Husbandry," 1758.--Tiles found 100 years old.--Elkington's System.--Johnstone's Puns and Peripatetics.--Draining Springs.--Bletonism, or the Faculty of Perceiving Subterranean Water.--Deanston System.--Views of Mr. Parkes.--Keythorpe System.--Wharncliffe System.--Introduction of Tiles into America.--John Johnston, and Mr. Delafield, of New York. CHAPTER III. RAIN, EVAPORATION AND FILTRATION. Fertilizing Substances in Rain Water.--Amount of Rain Fall in United States; in England.--Tables of Rain Fall.--Number of Rainy Days, and Quantity of Rain each Month.--Snow, how Computed as Water.--Proportion of Rain Evaporated.--What Quantity of Water Dry Soil will Hold.--Dew Point.--How Evaporation Cools Bodies.--Artificial Heat Underground.--Tables of Filtration and Evaporation. CHAPTER IV. DRAINAGE OF HIGH LANDS--WHAT LANDS REQUIRE DRAINAGE. What is High Land?--Accidents to Crops from Water.--Do Lands need Drainage in America?--Springs.--Theory of Moisture, with Illustrations.--Water of Pressure.--Legal Rights as to Draining our Neighbor's Wells and Land.--What Lands require Drainage?--Horace Greeley's Opinion.--Drainage more Necessary in America than in England; Indications of too much Moisture.--Will Drainage Pay? CHAPTER V. VARIOUS METHODS OF DRAINAGE. Open Ditches.--Slope of Banks.--Brush Drains.--Ridge and Furrow.--Plug-Draining.--Mole-Draining.--Mole-Plow.--Wedge and Shoulder Drains.--Larch Tubes.--Drains of Fence Rails, and Poles.--Peat Tiles.--Stone Drains Injured by Moles.--Downing's Giraffes.--Illustrations of Various Kinds of Stone Drains. CHAPTER VI. DRAINAGE WITH TILES. What are Drain-Tiles?--Forms of Tiles.--Pipes.--Horse-shoe Tiles.--Sole-Tiles.--Form of Water-Passage.--Collars and their Use.--Size of Pipes.--Velocity.--Friction.--Discharge of Water through Pipes.--Tables of Capacity.--How Water enters Tiles.--Deep Drains run soonest and longest.--Pressure of Water on Pipes.--Durability of Tile Drains.--Drain-Bricks 100 years old. CHAPTER VII. DIRECTION, DISTANCE AND DEPTH OF DRAINS. DIRECTION OF DRAINS.--Whence comes the Water?--Inclination of Strata.--Drains across the Slope let Water out as well as Receive it.--Defence against Water from Higher Land.--Open Ditches.--Headers.--Silt-basins. DISTANCE OF DRAINS.--Depends on Soil, Depth, Climate, Prices, System.--Conclusions as to Distance.