Fatigue study : $b the elimination of humanity's greatest unnecessary waste. A first step in motion studyGilbreth, Lillian Moller
Science
Fatigue study : $b the elimination of humanity's greatest unnecessary waste. A first step in motion study
Gilbreth, Lillian Moller
Fatigue; Industrial efficiency; Motion study
Note that the top plate is in position and that the tools are at the
right side of this top plate before the assembler is sent to the job at
all. These parts are arranged in an obvious sequence, and a photograph
similar to this is given to the boy whose duty it is to arrange these
parts.]
Final Adjustment.
In its final form the method consisted of having the parts of the
braider placed on the packet by an unskilled laborer or boy, putting
large tacks on the floor, which located the table at the most
convenient point possible in relation to the packet, which was made
fast to the wall or of easel type, on casters, as the position where it
must stand demanded. In addition, a small gravity, Johnson-Littlefield
packet was attached to the table. This conveyed certain parts, by their
own weight, to a yet more convenient position.[6]
Changes in Type of Work Demanded.
Through this adjustment the assembler used only his most skilled
motions in doing his work. Meantime, the less skilled worker, or
apprentice, who was loading the packet, was learning the assembly
principle, and receiving an apprenticeship in assembly itself.
Change in Mental Attitude.
The effect of the adjustment was to establish easily and quickly a new
set of efficient habits. The parts being arranged on the packet in an
obvious sequence, and the tools being arranged on the table in the
standard position, the worker necessarily performed the work according
to the standard method, which was the quickest and least fatiguing
method, every time that he did it. The result improved his working
method, and acted as an incentive to him to do the largest quantity of
work of the best quality that could be done with a reasonable amount of
fatigue.
Value of This Example.
This example is even more valuable as a method of attack in the
adjustment problem than it is as a specific illustration of a
successful and rapid installation. The workers enjoyed the changes
and accepted them in the best spirit of co-operation. Before using
the method, eighteen braider base groups had been a large day’s work,
per man. With the new method, sixty-six, per man, per day, were
assembled with no added fatigue. The resulting saving pleased every
one concerned, and has assured the maintenance of the method. Like all
other methods, old or new, it must be submitted to certain definite
tests. These it has passed with credit. The outlining of such tests is
our next problem.
[Illustration: FIG. 29
This picture shows a Littlefield-Johnson carrier packet. In this
carrier packet the carriers by their own weight travel downward to a
standard position at the bottom for grasping without looking at them,
as fast as they are individually removed. This packet was invented
by two men in the New England Butt Company, after they had seen our
method of attack, and had begun to think of their work in the terms of
elementary and least fatiguing motions.]
[Illustration: FIG. 30
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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