Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitionsNassau, Robert Hamill
Philosophy
Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitions
Nassau, Robert Hamill
Ethnology -- Africa, West; Fetishism -- Africa, West
All the dead man's property goes to his male relatives. On the death of a
wife the husband is expected to make a gift to pacify her relatives.
Formerly the corpse was not allowed to be buried until this gift was made.
The demand was made by the father, saying, "Our child died in your hands;
give us!" Now they make a more quiet request, and wait a week before doing
so. Something must be given, even if the husband had already paid her
dowry in full.
Marriage can be dissolved by divorce at almost any time, and for almost
any reason, by the man,--by a woman rarely. The usual reasons for divorce
are unfaithfulness, quarrelling, disobedience, and sometimes chronic
sickness. There are many other more private reasons. In being thus put
away the woman has no property rights; she is given nothing more than what
the man may allow as a favor. If the woman has children, she has no claim
on them; they belong to the father. But if she has daughters who are
married, she can ask for part of the money which the husband received for
them. The man and the divorced woman are then each free to marry any other
parties.
7. _Illegitimate Marital Relations._ These are very common, but they are
not sanctioned as proper. The husband demands a fine for his wife's
infidelity from the co-respondent. Cohabitation with the expected husband
previous to the marriage ceremonies is common; but it is not sanctioned,
and therefore is secret.
The husband of a woman who is mother of a child begotten by another man
takes it as his own. If it be a girl, he (and not the real father) is the
person who gives her in marriage and retains the dowry.
8. _Domestic Life._ No special feast is made for the birth of either a son
or a daughter, but there is rejoicing. During the woman's pregnancy both
she and her husband have to observe a variety of prohibitions as to what
they may eat or what they may do. They cohabit up to the time of the
child's birth; but after that not for a long period, formerly three years.
Now it is reduced to one and a half years, or less. This custom is one of
the reasons assigned by men for the alleged necessity of a plurality of
wives.
During the confinement and for a short time after the birth, the wife
remains in the husband's house, and is then taken by her parents to their
house.
Deformed and defective children are kept with kindness as others; but
monstrosities are destroyed. Formerly in all tribes twins were regarded as
monstrosities and were therefore killed,--still the custom in some tribes.
In the more civilized tribes they are now valued, but special fetich
ceremonies for them are considered necessary.
In the former destruction of twins there were tribes that killed only one
of them. If they were male and female, the father would wish to save the
boy and the mother the girl; but the father ruled. A motherless new-born
infant is not deserted; it is suckled by some other woman.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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