[Footnote 260: _Cartulary of Abingdon_, ii. 3-7.] [Footnote 261: 'In Winteham tenet Hubertus de Abbate v. hidas de terra villanorum' (i. 58_b_).] [Footnote 262: 'Hubertus i. militem pro v. hidis in Witham' (p. 4).] [Footnote 263: 'In Wichtham de terra villanorum curiae Cumenore obsequi solitorum, illo ab abbate cuidam militi nomine Huberto v. hidarum portio distributa est' (p. 7).] [Footnote 264: See _Cart. Ab._, ii. 138. Cf. _Domesday_, i. 58_b_: 'Willelmus tenet de abbate Leie.'] [Footnote 265: See p. 231.] [Footnote 266: This distinction, it will be found, is preserved in Henry's Charter of Liberties (1101): 'nec ... aliquid accipiam [1] de dominico ecclesiae vel [2] de hominibus ejus'.] [Footnote 267: See my paper on 'The Knights of Peterborough', _supra_, p. 131.] [Footnote 268: In the transcript of the original return it is: 'habet hugo de bolebech ... de waltero giffard'.] [Footnote 269: _Inquisitio Eliensis_ (_O._ 2. 1), f. 210, _et seq._ (see below, page 349).] [Footnote 270: See p. 166.] [Footnote 271: Hemingi _Chartularium_ (ed. Hearne), 1723.] [Footnote 272: _Norman Conquest_, vol. v.] [Footnote 273: Interlineation.] [Footnote 274: _Dapifer_ to Bishop Wulfstan.] [Footnote 275: He witnessed, as 'Ordric Niger', the _conventio_ between Bishop Wulfstan and Abbot Walter of Evesham, and was perhaps Bishop Wulfstan's reeve (Heming, p. 420).] [Footnote 276: Probably Bishop Wulfstan's chancellor.] [Footnote 277: Although, from his ignorance of this document, Dr Stubbs was not aware of Ranulf's _modus operandi_, its evidence affords a fresh illustration of his unfailing insight, and of his perfect grasp of the problem even in the absence of proof. 'The analogy', he writes, 'of lay fiefs was applied to the churches with as much minuteness as possible.... Ranulf Flambard saw no other difference between an ecclesiastical and a lay fief than the superior facilities which the first gave for extortion.... The church was open to these claims because she furnished no opportunity for reliefs, wardships, marriage, escheats, or forfeiture' (_Const. Hist._, pp. 298-300).] [Footnote 278: It has been urged to me that relief on _mutatio domini_ was a recognized practice, but I cannot find proof of it in English feudalism.] [Footnote 279: 'Nec mortuo archiepiscopo, sive episcopo, sive abbate, aliquid accipiam de dominico ecclesiae vel de hominibus ejus donec successor in eam ingrediatur.'] [Footnote 280: There is a very important allusion to it, as introduced under Rufus, in the _Abingdon Cartulary_, ii. 42: 'Eo tempore [1097] infanda usurpata est in Anglia consuetudo, ut si qua prelatorum persona ecclesiarum vita decederet mox honor ecclesiasticus fisco deputaretur regis.']