The Hemp Agrimony 314 The Common Skull-cap 315 The Comfrey 316 ON WALLS, ROCKS AND STONY PLACES The Biting Stonecrop or Wall Pepper 321 The Wall Pennywort or Navelwort 322 The London Pride 323 The Mossy Saxifrage 324 The Ivy-leaved Toadflax 325 The Wall Pellitory 326 AUTUMN IN THE WOODS The Alder in Autumn 333 The Ash in Autumn 336 The Maple in Fruit 337 The Wayfaring Tree in Fruit 338 The Strawberry Tree 339 PARASITIC PLANTS The Greater Dodder 342 The Clover Dodder 343 The Great Broomrape 345 The Mistletoe 347 A Young Mistletoe Plant 348 CARNIVOROUS PLANTS The Greater Bladder-wort 351 Longitudinal section through the leaf of the Toothwort 352 The Common Butterwort 353 The Round-leaved Sundew 355 FIELD AND WOODLAND PLANTS I INTRODUCTION GENERAL CHARACTERS OF PLANTS AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF FLOWERS The beginner will often find it difficult, and sometimes quite impossible, to identify some of the flowers seen or gathered during a country ramble; and he will hardly be surprised to experience many disappointments in his attempts to do this when he realises the large number of species among our flowering plants, and the very close resemblance that allied species frequently bear to one another. But there are right and wrong methods of setting to work for the purpose of determining the identity of a plant, and the object of this chapter is to put the beginner on the right track. He must remember, however, that the aid given here is intended to assist him principally in the identification of the commoner species, though it may, at the same time, help him to determine the natural affinities or relationships of other flowers that fall in his way.