Business; Capitalists and financiers -- United States; Speculation; Wall Street (New York, N.Y.)
When the excitement arising from the above causes was at its height, I
sent a telegram to Secretary Boutwell, and one to President Grant,
representing the exact condition of affairs in Wall Street, and urging
the sale of gold without delay. I also prevailed upon General
Butterfield, the New York Sub Treasurer, and Moses H. Grinnell, the
Collector of the Port, to send similar telegrams, which they did, and
timely action was taken at once by an order coming to sell $5,000,000.
The moral effect of this Government action was to strike terror to the
holders of gold, and a general rush was made to sell out, thereby
driving down the premium from 160, in less than two hours, to 132. The
down grade produced an excitement quite equal to the early furore in the
up movement. Albert Speyer had from Fisk a verbal _carte blanche_ order
to buy, in million lots, all the gold he could get at 160; while he was
thus buying millions upon millions at this figure, on the opposite side,
and in other sections of the room, sales were freely made in moderate
amounts at 140, 145, 147 and 150, almost simultaneously; and even when
135 was reached, which was soon thereafter, Speyer still kept on bidding
160 for a million at a time, making one of the wildest and most
ludicrous spectacles ever witnessed among men not idiots. Fisk
afterwards repudiated the contracts made on his account by Speyer &
Belden, simply denying having given the orders, and as they were not in
writing, they could not well be proven, hence both brokers failed,
throwing immense losses upon an innumerable number of others. Quite a
noted firm sold Speyer some of his million lots, which they bought back
at 140, being satisfied with the profit of 20 per cent.; when they had
finished buying, the price instantly broke to 132, and the announcement
of Speyer’s failure, which was made before the close of the day, caused
them also to fail, as well as half the members of the Gold Room. Owing
to the serious complications prevailing and the disaster being so
widespread, it was found impossible to continue the clearances through
the Gold Bank, and the Governing Committee of the Gold Room were at once
convened, and passed a resolution to suspend all dealings in gold for
one week, in order to enable the members to adjust their difficulties
and differences between themselves privately. The Gold Bank also
suspended business in the meantime. While Albert Speyer was vigorously
buying and continuing to bid 160 for one million after another, the
clique were as actively engaged in selling all the market would take at
ten points less, and also busy making private settlements with the
shorts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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