======================================================================= Community | Status on February 5, | Remarks | 1957 | -----------------------+------------------------+---------------------- Cowley County: | | Arkansas City | Discharging raw sewage | Adequate plant in | | design stage. Geuda Springs | Discharging raw sewage | Winfield | Inadequate | State training school| Adequate | Udall | Adequate | -----------------------+------------------------+---------------------- Chautauqua County: | | Cedar Vale | Inadequate | Sedan | Adequate | In operation 30 | | days. Elgin | Adequate | -----------------------+------------------------+---------------------- Elk County: | | Moline | Inadequate | Howard | Adequate | -----------------------+------------------------+---------------------- Sumner County: | | Belle Plaine | Discharging raw sewage | Adequate plant under | | construction. Mulvane | Discharging raw sewage | Adequate plant under | | construction. Oxford | Discharging raw sewage | Construction on | | adequate plant to | | start soon. -----------------------+------------------------+---------------------- Butler County: | | Augusta | Adequate | El Dorado | Discharging raw sewage | Adequate plant under | | construction. Douglass | Discharging raw sewage | Adequate plant to | | go into operation | | within 30 days. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Pollution by petroleum wastes from refineries has also affected the streams studied. The only refinery within the area is at Arkansas City. In Butler County there are four refineries on the Walnut watershed upstream from the area surveyed. Metzler (1952) noted that "fish-kills" occurred from the mid-1940's until 1952 in connection with wastes periodically discharged from these refineries. However, the largest kill, in 1944, was attributed to excessive brine pollution.