[98] Modern Turkish contains (according to Dr. Tisdall) two genuine old _Turkish_ words for fish-hook, (1) _Ôltah_, (2) _Zôngah_. This is of great interest, for it goes far to show that the Turks, even before leaving Central Asia, were familiar with Angling. [99] To him, a high authority on Persia, not only from the many years spent there but also from his great linguistic accomplishments, I am greatly in debt for much of the foregoing. [100] Mr. Harold Parlett, our Consul at Dairen and an authority on Japan, writes, “I know of no books in Japanese dealing with the _history_ of fishing, and I think it improbable that any exist, unless in MS. It is a subject, which as far as I know, has not yet been studied. I should advise you to dismiss ancient Japanese methods in as few words as possible.” I follow his advice. [101] On consulting a great Sinologist, he rapped out, “The only thing I know or want to know of Japan is that every art, every craft, it possesses came from China.” [102] W. J. Turrell, _Ancient Angling Authors_ (London, 1910), p. xi. _Ancient_, in this most researchful work, might, I venture to suggest, be qualified by _British_, for six pages (in the Preface) suffice for all fishing before the tenth century. [103] _Angling Literature_ (London, 1856), p. 33. [104] There is in existence a Byzantine MS. entitled Ψαρολόγος (lit. “Fishbook,” _i.e._ anecdotes of fish), which K. Krumbacher, _Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur_, 3rd ed. (München, 1897), p. 884, states should be published. [105] The result of the work done during the last twenty years by German writers, such as W. Christ, _Geschichte des griechischen Litteratur_, ed. 3 (München, 1898), p. 664 f.; E. Oder, in Pauly-Winowa _Real Enc._ (Stuttgart, 1910), VII., 1221-1225; and F. Lübker, _Reallexikon des klassischen Altertums_ (Leipzig, 1914), p. 409, seems to show that our _Geoponika_ is a reduction, _c._ 950 A.D., by an unknown hand of an older compilation made in the sixth century by Cassianus Bassus. Behind him in turn are older works of the fourth century, _viz._ the συναγωγὴ γεωργικῶν of Vindanius Anatolius in twelve books, and the γεωργικά of the younger Didymos of Alexandreia in fifteen books. Ultimately we get back to Cassius Dionysius of Utica, who translated the Carthaginian Mazo’s work on agriculture (88 B.C.). [106] See _infra_, p. 291. [107] The date of 1492 is suggested by Mr. Alfred Denison, who translated and issued privately twenty-five copies of _Dit Boecxken leert hoe men mach voghelen vanghen metten handen. Ende oeck andersins_. From the press of Mathys Van der Goes. The marriage of Madame Van der Goes to Godfridus Bach, whose printer’s mark also appears in the book, seems to point to 1492. See, however, M. F. A. G. Campbell, _Annales de la Typographie Neerlandaise au xv^e siècle_ (La Haye, 1874), p. 80, and _Bibl. Pisc._, pp. 35, 36. [108] _The Angler’s Note-Book_, 1st series (1880), p. 76.