[Illustration: FIG. 13. PTOLEMAIC COINS FROM VAULTED GRAVES.] Access to these vaulted chambers was sometimes by means of an arched opening in the end wall covered by the vestibule (Pl. XXXIV. 2), or, when the latter structure was wanting, by a chimney-like hole at the top of one end of the barrel-vault. The flat vault bricks (34×16×6 cms.) have grooves on one side to allow the mortar to have a better and firmer grip--a very necessary point for this style of vaulting. The group of forty-seven Ptolemaic copper coins (Fig. 13), the preservation of which is unusually good for coins found in Upper Egypt, new coinage rarely getting so far south, belong apparently to the dominations of Ptolemies III and IV. They are of four sizes and in detail are as follows:-- Av. weight Av. diam. _grammes._ _mms._ 10. _Obv._ Head of Zeus Amon to right. _Rev._ Eagle on thunderbolt to left; cornucopia in field in front of eagle. Mints: [Illustration: hieroglyph] 73·0 42·0 6. _Obv._ Head of Zeus Amon to right. _Rev._ Eagle on thunderbolt to left; cornucopia in field in front of eagle. Mints: [Illustration: hieroglyph] 67·0 40·5 17. _Obv._ Head of Zeus Amon to right. _Rev._ Eagle on thunderbolt to left, head turned to right; cornucopia in field over back of eagle. Mints: [Illustration: hieroglyph] 48·0 39·0 14. _Obv._ Head of Zeus Amon to right. _Rev._ Eagle on thunderbolt to left; cornucopia in field in front of eagle. Mints: [Illustration: hieroglyph] 35·5 34·0 CHAPTER IX DEMOTIC PAPYRI AND OSTRACA BY WILHELM SPIEGELBERG The two papyri which I propose to call in future Papyrus Carnarvon I and II are of great importance on account of their date.[21] They both bear the protocol of a local king who reigned in Upper Egypt under Ptolemaios Epiphanes (205-181 B.C.). The king is named Harmachis, and so far there are known to exist only three other contracts of his time, two in the Berlin Museum (Demotic Pap. Berlin, Nos. 3142-4, 3145), dated in his third and sixth years, and another mentioned in the _Revue Égyptologique_, I, p. 121 (the collection in which it is preserved not being mentioned), is dated in his fifth year. The two Carnarvon papyri are dated in the fourth year, and their protocol reads: ‘Year 4 in the month of Athyr of King Harmachis, living eternally, beloved of Isis, beloved of Amonrasonter, the great god.’ In the first papyrus (Pap. Carnarvon I, Pls. XXXV, XXXVI) a woman Senobastis sells 1½ cubits of waste land (about 40 square metres), situated in the endowed land of the god Amon near a place P-ohi-n-p-mehen, to a herdsman (?) and slave of the god Amon, Psenesis.