Flatland: A Romance of Many DimensionsAbbott, Edwin Abbott
Science
Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
Abbott, Edwin Abbott
Fourth dimension
I was rapt in thought, pondering in my mind some words that had casually
issued from the mouth of my youngest Grandson, a most promising young
Hexagon of unusual brilliancy and perfect angularity. His uncles and I
had been giving him his usual practical lesson in Sight Recognition,
turning ourselves upon our centres, now rapidly, now more slowly, and
questioning him as to our positions; and his answers had been so
satisfactory that I had been induced to reward him by giving him a few
hints on Arithmetic, as applied to Geometry.
Taking nine Squares, each an inch every way, I had put them together so
as to make one large Square, with a side of three inches, and I had hence
proved to my little Grandson that—though it was impossible for us to
_see_ the inside of the Square—yet we might ascertain the number of
square inches in a Square by simply squaring the number of inches in the
side: “and thus,” said I, “we know that 3², or 9, represents the number
of square inches in a Square whose side is 3 inches long.”
The little Hexagon meditated on this awhile and then said to me: “But you
have been teaching me to raise numbers to the third power; I suppose 3³
must mean something in Geometry; what does it mean?” “Nothing at all,”
replied I, “not at least in Geometry; for Geometry has only Two
Dimensions.” And then I began to show the boy how a Point by moving
through a length of three inches makes a Line of three inches, which may
be represented by 3; and how a Line of three inches, moving parallel to
itself through a length of three inches, makes a Square of three inches
every way, which may be represented by 3².
Upon this, my Grandson, again returning to his former suggestion, took me
up rather suddenly and exclaimed, “Well, then, if a Point by moving three
inches, makes a Line of three inches represented by 3; and if a straight
Line of three inches, moving parallel to itself, makes a Square of three
inches every way, represented by 3²; it must be that a Square of three
inches every way, moving somehow parallel to itself (but I don’t see how)
must make a Something else (but I don’t see what) of three inches every
way—and this must be represented by 3³.”
“Go to bed,” said I, a little ruffled by his interruption; “if you would
talk less nonsense, you would remember more sense.”
So my Grandson had disappeared in disgrace; and there I sat by my Wife’s
side, endeavouring to form a retrospect of the year 1999 and of the
possibilities of the year 2000, but not quite able to shake off the
thoughts suggested by the prattle of my bright little Hexagon. Only a few
sands now remained in the half-hour glass. Rousing myself from my reverie
I turned the glass Northward for the last time in the old Millennium; and
in the act, I exclaimed aloud, “The boy is a fool.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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