Flatland: A Romance of Many DimensionsAbbott, Edwin Abbott
Science
Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
Abbott, Edwin Abbott
Fourth dimension
[1] When I say “sitting,” of course I do not mean any change of
attitude such as you in Spaceland signify by that word; for as we have
no feet, we can no more “sit” nor “stand” (in your sense of the word)
than one of your soles or flounders.
Nevertheless, we perfectly well recognize the different mental
states of volition implied by “lying,” “sitting,” and “standing,”
which are to some extent indicated to a beholder by a slight
increase of lustre corresponding to the increase of volition.
But on this, and a thousand other kindred subjects, time forbids me
to dwell.
My four Sons and two orphan Grandchildren had retired to their several
apartments; and my wife alone remained with me to see the old
Millennium out and the new one in.
I was rapt in thought, pondering in my mind some words that had
casually issued from the mouth of my youngest Grandson, a most
promising young Hexagon of unusual brilliancy and perfect angularity.
His uncles and I had been giving him his usual practical lesson in
Sight Recognition, turning ourselves upon our centres, now rapidly, now
more slowly, and questioning him as to our positions; and his answers
had been so satisfactory that I had been induced to reward him by
giving him a few hints on Arithmetic, as applied to Geometry.
Taking nine Squares, each an inch every way, I had put them together so
as to make one large Square, with a side of three inches, and I had
hence proved to my little Grandson that—though it was impossible for us
to _see_ the inside of the Square—yet we might ascertain the number of
square inches in a Square by simply squaring the number of inches in
the side: “and thus,” said I, “we know that 32, or 9, represents the
number of square inches in a Square whose side is 3 inches long.”
The little Hexagon meditated on this a while and then said to me; “But
you have been teaching me to raise numbers to the third power: I
suppose 33 must mean something in Geometry; what does it mean?”
“Nothing at all,” replied I, “not at least in Geometry; for Geometry
has only Two Dimensions.” And then I began to shew the boy how a Point
by moving through a length of three inches makes a Line of three
inches, which may be represented by three; and how a Line of three
inches, moving parallel to itself through a length of three inches,
makes a Square of three inches every way, which may be represented by
32.
Upon this, my Grandson, again returning to his former suggestion, took
me up rather suddenly and exclaimed, “Well, then, if a Point by moving
three inches, makes a Line of three inches represented by three; and if
a straight Line of three inches, moving parallel to itself, makes a
Square of three inches every way, represented by 32; it must be that a
Square of three inches every way, moving somehow parallel to itself
(but I don’t see how) must make Something else (but I don’t see what)
of three inches every way—and this must be represented by 33.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account