Tall herb, erect, branched, covered with stellate hairs. Leaves shallowly 5-lobed; flowers pink. Ripe carpels 5, densely stellate hairy and covered with spines deflexed at the ends. Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov.; South Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Ghabat El Arab & Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. The bark yields a fibre of good quality, suitable for bags, twine, etc. 221 =Pavonia hirsuta= _Guill._ & _Perr._ UMBERRU (N. Kordn.)—Arab. Downy perennial or undershrub; branches or stems procumbent, up to 5-6 ft. long. Leaves scabrous above, cordate, suborbicular or obscurely 3-lobed. Flowers yellow, with purple centres, on solitary stalks in axils of upper leaves. Styles 10; carpels 10, covered with reflexed bristles. White Nile, Kordofan & Darfur Provinces. =P. glechomæfolia= _A. Rich._ KULAM & KUNUTAL (Blue Nile)—Arab. Rigid herb with slender hirsute branches. Leaves ovate, cordate, slightly 3-lobed, crenate-serrate. Flowers yellow, about 1 in. across, with 5 free, oval bracteoles. Ripe carpels 5, without beak. Blue Nile Prov. (Abu Haraz); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur (Kulme); Red Sea Prov. (Has Has). =P. triloba= _Hochst._ Erect, bushy herb; stems long-pilose. Leaves more or less trilobed, about 1¼ in. long, with two types of stellate hairs below. Epicalyx persistent, of several linear bracts. White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan & Darfur Provinces. =P. arabica= _Hochst._ Erect tomentose perennial. Leaves as long as stalks, oblong, subcordate. Peduncles solitary, axillary; epicalyx of 10-20 linear, villose bracts, arching over the ripe fruit. Corolla pink, longer than calyx. Fruit subglobose, size of a pea. Red Sea Prov.; 21° N. Lat.; Darfur Prov. =P. Kotschyi= _Hochst._ Densely villose, low growing, woody perennial. Leaves oblong-ovate, obtuse, coarsely serrate, 3-5 nerved. Epicalyx of 10 linear bracts. Peduncles axillary, solitary, 1-flowered. Corolla yellow, about 1 in. across. Carpels 5, each with 2 large wings. Fung & Kordofan Provinces. =P. zeylanica= _Cav._ Leaves digitately divided almost to the base, lobes 3-5, oblanceolate, 1 in. long, densely tomentose below with stellate hairs; flowers solitary, on long pedicels; epicalyx of 10 linear bracts; fruits slightly winged. Red Sea Prov. (Karora). =P. macrophylla= _E. Mey._ Tall pilose herb or undershrub. Leaves long-stalked, oval, cordate- acuminate, or 3-lobed, crenate-serrate. Peduncles axillary, 1-flowered. Epicalyx of usually 5 foliaceous segments; petals pink; styles 8-10; carpels 5, obovate. White Nile Prov. 222 =Kosteletzkya adoensis= _Hochst._ Large herb or undershrub. A line of hairs along one side of the stem shifts to the other side at each successive joint. Leaves long-stalked, roundish-cordate, acuminate, 3-nerved, sometimes 3-pointed, hispid. Epicalyx of 7-10 linear-lanceolate bractlets. Corolla yellow. Carpels 5; seeds flat. Fung Prov. =K. flava= _Bak. f._ (_K. Buettneri_ Gürke).