Tuberous-rooted herb, 1-2 ft. high, hirsute or glabrous. Leaves usually opp., sessile, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 1½-4 in. long, with white tubercles, especially on upper surface. Panicle cymose, terminal, lax; calyx at first ½ in. long, subglobose, 1 in. long in fruit; cor. up to 1½ in. diam., white or blue, or white with blue spots in the throat, or blue with yellow spots; anthers densely pilose on back. Nuts 4. Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Deim Zubeir & Mattu-land). =T. africanum= _R. Br._ HARRĪSH (N. Kordn.)—Arab. Herb, up to 3 ft. high. Leaves opp. or alt., ovate or ovate-oblong, up to 5 in. long, with scattered white bulbous-based hairs on both surfaces. Panicle many-flowered, terminal; fl. 5-merous; cor. blue, with 5 purple spots in the throat, under ½ in. long; anthers with apical twisted horns; nutlets 4, scabrid, spiny. Red Sea Prov. (Khor Ashat); Khartoum Prov. (J. Royan); Kordofan Prov. (North). The leaves are used as diuretic. =T. Bentii= _Baker_ & _C. H. Wright._ Densely hispid herb, 1 ft. high. Leaves opp., ovate, 2½ in. long, bulbous-based hairs added above to the others. Cymes panicled, terminal; fl. 5-merous; cor. ⅓ in. diam., lobes triangular-acuminate; anthers pilose on back, spirally awned. Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, 21° N.L., sea-coast to between 3,000 to 4,000 ft.). =T. zeylanicum= _R. Br._ Erect herb, 2-4 ft. high. Leaves opp., or upper alt., oblong-lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, pubescent and with bulbous-based hairs. Cymes lax, terminal; cor. blue with a white eye, ½ in. diam.; anthers awned; nutlets 4, ovoid, compressed. Khartoum Prov.; Fung Prov. (Fazoghli & Jongol’s Post); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. (Gondokoro); Darfur (Jebel Marra: Wadi Gindi 7,300 ft.). Emollient poultices are made from the leaves. 604 =Cynoglossum Hochstetteri= _Vatke._ Small hispid herb. Leaves alt., oblong, upper sessile. Racemes lax, few- flowered; fl. 5-merous; corolla blue, small, throat with scales inside; nutlets 4 with hooked spines on margins and up the centre. Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L., from coast-land to 3,000-4,000 ft.; Suakin, Erkowit, Has Has). =C. lanceolatum= _Forsk._ Pilose herb, 4-6 ft. high. Leaves alt., oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, 4-6 in. long, scabrid. Cymes lax, finally 5-6 in. long; fl. 5-merous, minute; cor. white, sometimes blue tinted; tube enclosed by 5 scales; nuts 4, covered with hooked spines. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Nabambisso River). 605 =Echinochilon fruticosum= _Desf._ Densely white hispid dwarf herb. Leaves alt., lanceolate, ¼-½ in. long. Fl. sessile in axils of upper leaves, cor. blue, 2-lipped; nuts 4. Nubia (coast-land). 606 =Arnebia hispidissima= _DC._ GHAREIR (N. Kordn.)—Arab. Tufted herb, covered with stiff, white hairs. Stem-leaves lanceolate, sessile, ½-1 in. long, lower oblanceolate. Spikes dense, finally elongated; fl. 5-merous; cor. yellow, ab. ½ in. long; nuts 4.