h) Stamens distinctly perigynous; sepals connate into a tube below: i) Twiners; flowers in axillary spikes, racemes or panicles; ovule solitary, basal. =Basellaceæ= ii) Herbs; stamens numerous; flowers solitary or clustered in the axils of the leaves. =Ficoidaceæ= iii) Trees or shrubs; calyx mostly long and petaloid; leaves frequently small and evergreen; stamens definite; anthers opening by slits. =Thymelæaceæ= hh) Stamens hypogynous or slightly perigynous if accompanied by a disk: i) Flowers arranged in an involucre (cyathium) margined by glands; male flower reduced to a single stamen, the female to a single stipitate ovary. =Euphorbiaceæ= ii) Flowers not as above; stamens more than 1: j) Trees or shrubs: k) Flowers unisexual; ovules solitary, pendulous; seed with straight embryo. =Euphorbiaceæ= kk) Flowers unisexual or polygamous; ovules 2 in each cell, collateral or the lower ascending; embryo spirally twisted. =Sapindaceæ= jj) Herbs: k) Calyx scarious; flowers often in spikes or heads; ovule 1 in a 1-celled ovary. =Amarantaceæ= kk) Calyx herbaceous; flowers more or less paniculate; ovule 1 in a 1-celled ovary. =Chenopodiaceæ= =GROUP 13. One carpel or more than one united carpels; ovules attached to the central axis or to the base or apex of the ovary cell; ovary inferior; petals present, free from each other.= a) Leaves opposite or verticillate; never all radical; rarely reduced to scales: b) Leaves stipulate: c) Stamens opposite the petals and the same number. =Rhamnaceæ= cc) Stamens alternate with the petals or more numerous: d) Ovary composed of 2-6 carpels; 2-6 celled; flowers rarely congested; ovules pendulous; mostly maritime trees or shrubs. =Rhizophoraceæ= dd) Ovary various; flowers rarely in heads; ovules ascending or attached to the central axis; trees, shrubs or herbs. =Rosaceæ= bb) Leaves exstipulate: c) Trees, shrubs or climbers: d) Stamens numerous; leaves gland-dotted; style simple with a small capitate stigma or rarely 3-4 lobed.